Субтитры
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Welcome to Window on Britain 2.
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In this programme we're going to look...
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at some important areas of British life.
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We're going to find out what the British do on holiday...
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what kinds of animals are common in Britain...
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what people watch and read...
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and what they do in their free time.
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We're also going to look at the environment...
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health, and law and order.
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First, let's look at work in Britain.
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Where do British people work?
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How many hours do they work?
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And what jobs do they do?
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The population of Great Britain is almost 59 million.
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About 27 million people work ... 15
million men and 12 million women.
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They can start work at the age of 16.
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About 1.5 million people are
unemployed. They haven't got jobs.
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Job Centres like this one help them to find work.
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Most people work full-time.
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On average, men in Britain work 44 hours a week.
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Most men retire at the age of 65.
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Women work about 31 hours a week
and usually retire at the age of 60.
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For women the average is less
because many of them work part-time.
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So what kinds of work do British people do?
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Over a million people work in the building industry.
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In the past Britain was famous for manufacturing.
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In the nineteenth century, factories
and shipyards in Scotland...
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WaIes and the north of England...
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produced cotton, machines and ships...
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to make Britain the world's leading industrial nation.
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Other industries developed in the twentieth century.
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This is the Jaguar car factory in Coventry.
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The first of the famous Jaguar cars appeared in 1935...
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and production started here in 1951.
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The American car company
Ford bought Jaguar in 1989.
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Over 2,000 people work at this factory...
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and they produce about 200 cars a day.
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Although manufacturing is still important...
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more and more people now work in offices...
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and spend a lot of the day working with computers.
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One very big business in Britain
today is finance ... money.
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London's the number one financial centre in Europe...
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and number three in the world
behind New York and Tokyo.
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Retailing is important, too ... selling
goods to people like you and me.
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Eight of the top ten retail
companies in Europe are British...
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and four of the top ten food retailers.
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Do you know any of these British companies?
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Of course, we're now living in the twenty-first century...
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and hi-tech industries are very important.
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This is Research Machines, a company near Oxford.
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They make computers and software.
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Most British people get 20
working days holiday every year.
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There are also eight public holidays.
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We call these Bank Holidays because
they were days when banks closed.
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What do you do?
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I'm a schoolteacher
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I'm a helicopter pilot.
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I'm a bookseller.
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I'm a sales rep.
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I'm a lecturer.
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I'm an airline pilot.
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I'm an Oxford Walking Tour guide.
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How many hours a week do you work?
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Sixty, eighty, it depends.
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During school term about sixty.
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I guess about thirty to forty.
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I think it's thirty-seven and a half.
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I actualIy fly for about twenty hours,
but probably work for about fifty.
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Round about twelve contact hours of teaching.
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Anything from three days a week to seven days a week.
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What do you like about your job?
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It's fun.
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I love serving customers.
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Freedom. lt's up to me to arrange it the way l like.
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Oh, meeting young people.
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What do you like about your job?
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I meet people from all round the world.
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The long holidays.
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I get home every night, and I don't
have to think about anything else.
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What don't you like about it?
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Getting up at five o'clock in the morning.
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Administration, a lot of paperwork.
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I don't Iike folding lots of shirts to go away on trips.
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Working at weekends.
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What don't l like? Rain!
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These days we can send
information all over the world...
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at the touch of a button.
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As more people go on-line, so more
people are working from home.
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WeIl over half a million people work mainly from home.
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It's easy, it's convenient...
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and you can have a cup of tea when you want one.
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When do British people go on holiday?
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How much time do they take? And where do they go?
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Like milIions of other British people,
I go on holiday in the summer.
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Although July and August are
the most popular months...
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not everyone takes their holidays at the same time.
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Lots of people take a two-week break,
but they can choose when to take it.
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Going abroad for a holiday is now very popular.
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British people make almost 40
million holiday trips every year.
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That's seven times more than in 1970.
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Florida and the Caribbean are
popular with some holidaymakers...
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I but 85 per cent of foreign
I holidays are in Western Europe.
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Spain is the number one choice for many people.
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Over 25 per cent of all British holiday makers go there.
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Why do so many British people
go abroad for their holidays?
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Because of the British weather.
Sometimes there isn't very much sun!
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But not everyone goes abroad.
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The traditional British seaside
holiday is still very popular.
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In the nineteenth century, there
weren't any cars or pIanes.
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People travelled by train from the big cities...
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to seaside towns such as Blackpool...
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Bournemouth...
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and here, Brighton, which is only
100 kilometres from London.
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People come here to swim, windsurf,
sunbathe or just sit in a deckchair.
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Brighton is a place for family holidays...
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because there are lots of things to do.
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They all have a good time...
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and it doesn't matter how old you are!
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People stay in hotels, guest
houses and bed and breakfasts.
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Some people camp in tents or stay in caravans.
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This is a cheaper type of holiday.
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Everyone hopes for a lot of
sunshine and not too much rain!
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Over 2 million British people spend
their holidays in Devon or Cornwall...
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in the south-west of England.
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In the north, the Lake District and
Scotland are both very popular.
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Surprisingly, London isn't popular.
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Very few British people go there.
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How many? Only about a quarter of a million.
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Not everyone wants to spend 2 weeks lying on a beach.
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Many British people have activity holidays...
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doing things such as climbing,
cycling, walking in the hills, or...
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sailing on a narrow boat along a canal.
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You can travel gently through the countryside...
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and spend a little time visiting interesting places.
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You don't have to book a hotel,
because you sleep on the boat.
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It's very different to everyday life, and very relaxing!
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Animals are very important to the British...
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at home, in the wild, and on the farm.
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What are the most popular pets in Britain?
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What wild animals are there?
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What are the most common farm animals?
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WeIl, there are more than 11 million cows.
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We use them for milk and for beef.
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There are aIso a lot of pigs ... 7 million, in fact.
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But there are even more sheep
than pigs and cows together.
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There are about 44 and a half million sheep in Britain.
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There are lots of birds on farms, too...
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such as, turkeys, ducks and chickens.
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Altogether there are an amazing 172 million farm birds.
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00:12:35,137 --> 00:12:39,335
There are about 30,000 different
kinds of animals in Britain.
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The fallow deer is one of the
most attractive wild animals.
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lt's also one of the easiest to see
because they live all over Britain.
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Fallow deer live in the countryside but
you can see them in some parks too.
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One of the smaIlest wiId animals is the field mouse.
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The largest wild animal is the red deer.
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Many years ago they lived all over the countryside...
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but now red deer live mainly in the Scottish Highlands.
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The badger, of course, is much smaller.
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You can easily recognise a badger
because of its black and white nose.
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They usually come out at night
so you'll be lucky to see one.
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Rabbits are easier to see...
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especially early in the morning and in the evening.
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This is a hedgehog, the only British animal with spines.
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Foxes usually live in the countryside.
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As more and more countryside is disappearing...
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some foxes are learning how to live in towns.
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However, not all animals are so
good at changing their habits...
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and some animals need protection from others.
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This is a red squirrel.
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00:14:00,956 --> 00:14:04,289
Two hundred years ago red
squirrels lived all over Britain.
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00:14:04,993 --> 00:14:09,293
Then in the 19th century the grey squirrel
came to Britain from North America.
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The grey squirrel is a little bit
bigger than the red squirrel...
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and it's much better at finding food.
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Nowadays you can only find red squirrels in Scotland...
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and some parts of EngIand.
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The golden eagle also needs
protection... but from humans.
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It's one the rarest British animals.
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00:14:29,251 --> 00:14:33,119
There are just over 800 golden eagles left in the wild.
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They are one of the largest British
birds and one of the most beautiful.
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There are a total of 116 protected
species of animal in Britain.
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Horses are very important in Britain.
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We ride them in sports such as racing and polo...
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or just for fun.
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The police also use horses to control crowds.
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This is Fred. lsn't he beautiful?
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Because they like animals...
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the British give money to two societies in particular.
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One is the RSPCA...
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the Royal Society for the
Prevention of CrueIty to Animals.
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lt started in 1824 and was the first
society in the world to protect animals.
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The other is the RSPB...
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the Royal Society for the Protection
of Birds. This started in 1889.
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And, of course, a lot of British people have pets.
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00:16:02,944 --> 00:16:06,380
In fact, over 50 per cent of British homes have a pet.
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Cats, dogs and fish are the most popular.
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00:16:09,985 --> 00:16:13,580
There are 8 million cats in
Britain, nearly 7 million dogs...
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and 28 million fish.
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It's amazing, isn't it?
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00:16:22,330 --> 00:16:23,058
Have you got any pets?
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00:16:23,431 --> 00:16:24,898
I've got one dog
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00:16:25,300 --> 00:16:26,062
What's its name?
202
00:16:26,434 --> 00:16:27,059
It's called Henry.
203
00:16:27,435 --> 00:16:29,027
I've got one cat called Katy.
204
00:16:29,604 --> 00:16:31,401
I have one kitten called Rasputin.
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00:16:31,973 --> 00:16:33,440
I've got a pet tortoise. His name's Harry.
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00:16:34,042 --> 00:16:36,135
I've got a goldfish called Oxo.
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00:16:36,678 --> 00:16:39,511
Yes l have a pet and his name's Barney. He's a rabbit.
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00:16:41,182 --> 00:16:45,141
When your pet gets ill, you'll
have to come here to the vet's.
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00:16:45,654 --> 00:16:47,315
Vets are doctors for animals.
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They usually look after farm animals and pets.
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This is the Beaumont Veterinary Hospital in Oxford.
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00:17:00,435 --> 00:17:03,927
Five full-time and two part-time vets work here.
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00:17:04,272 --> 00:17:08,732
The majority of the animals that they
treat are dogs, cats and rabbits.
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... her knee here and that's what I can feel ...
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00:17:11,379 --> 00:17:13,142
and that's what the vet who saw her yesterday said.
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00:17:13,448 --> 00:17:16,281
We've got two choices in terms of what to do with her:
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00:17:16,651 --> 00:17:18,983
one is to have her in an x-ray tomorrow...
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00:17:19,120 --> 00:17:22,886
and the other is to keep her on
medication for a while, on pain killers...
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00:17:23,058 --> 00:17:23,990
and see if ...
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The British really love their animals.
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Walk on, Fred.
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Hi. We're going to look at the media in Britain.
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We're going to find out about
television, radio and the Internet.
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00:18:02,564 --> 00:18:06,933
But first, what do you know about
British newspapers and magazines?
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00:18:12,574 --> 00:18:14,804
The British love their newspapers.
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00:18:15,143 --> 00:18:18,078
Two out of three British people over the age of 15...
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00:18:18,379 --> 00:18:20,040
read a newspaper every day.
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That's about 26 million people.
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00:18:23,118 --> 00:18:25,609
Even more people read a paper on Sundays.
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00:18:26,087 --> 00:18:27,111
What do they read?
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00:18:29,257 --> 00:18:32,920
The two most popular daily newspapers are tabloids...
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00:18:33,261 --> 00:18:34,751
the Sun and the Mirror.
233
00:18:35,096 --> 00:18:38,623
Over three and half miIlion
people buy the Sun every day...
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00:18:39,000 --> 00:18:41,400
and over two and a quarter million buy the Mirror.
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00:18:41,736 --> 00:18:44,364
In tabloid papers you'll find more gossip...
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00:18:44,806 --> 00:18:46,068
more human interest stories...
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more pictures ... and not very much serious news.
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00:18:50,178 --> 00:18:54,615
These newspapers are larger. They're
called broadsheets or quality papers.
239
00:18:54,816 --> 00:18:57,250
About a million people buy the Daily Telegraph...
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00:18:57,619 --> 00:19:00,588
and about 700,000 buy The Times.
241
00:19:00,989 --> 00:19:03,355
There's also The lndependent and The Guardian.
242
00:19:03,958 --> 00:19:06,290
In these papers you'll find more news...
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00:19:06,561 --> 00:19:08,995
more serious articles and fewer pictures.
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00:19:09,397 --> 00:19:14,596
Altogether there are about 130 daily
and Sunday papers in Britain...
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00:19:14,969 --> 00:19:16,937
some national, some local.
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00:19:17,238 --> 00:19:22,141
There are also over 6,500 different magazines!
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00:19:22,977 --> 00:19:26,276
Of course, nowadays not everyone
actually buys a newspaper.
248
00:19:26,614 --> 00:19:29,105
Some peopIe read their newspaper online.
249
00:19:29,417 --> 00:19:33,285
Over 75,000 people visit this website every day.
250
00:19:33,988 --> 00:19:36,115
The number of people in Britain who use the lnternet...
251
00:19:36,391 --> 00:19:37,688
is increasing alI the time.
252
00:19:38,593 --> 00:19:41,960
A lot of people also listen to the news on the radio.
253
00:19:42,997 --> 00:19:47,934
BBC Radio 4. The news at seven o'clock.
The Chancellor, Gordon Brown ...
254
00:19:49,404 --> 00:19:52,931
The BBC is the British Broadcasting Corporation.
255
00:19:53,441 --> 00:19:57,810
It has five national radio stations, 39 local stations...
256
00:19:58,279 --> 00:20:00,975
and two terrestrial television channels.
257
00:20:05,019 --> 00:20:09,251
The BBC is not commercial ... there's no
advertising during their programmes.
258
00:20:10,024 --> 00:20:12,959
British people have to buy a
television licence every year.
259
00:20:13,261 --> 00:20:17,527
The BBC uses the money from this to
make television and radio programmes.
260
00:20:18,099 --> 00:20:22,092
Here they're filming Middlemarch,
the classic novel by George Eliot.
261
00:20:23,004 --> 00:20:25,404
There are three other terrestrial TV channels.
262
00:20:26,140 --> 00:20:29,007
There's ITV, that's lndependent Television...
263
00:20:29,277 --> 00:20:30,335
Channel 4...
264
00:20:31,045 --> 00:20:32,103
and Channel 5.
265
00:20:32,313 --> 00:20:34,975
These are aIl commercial and have advertising.
266
00:20:35,316 --> 00:20:38,046
Of course, there's satellite and cable TV, too.
267
00:20:38,186 --> 00:20:41,019
There are lots of satellite and cable channels.
268
00:20:41,990 --> 00:20:46,017
On average British people watch
almost 24 hours of television a week.
269
00:20:46,227 --> 00:20:48,627
Most households have at least one television...
270
00:20:49,063 --> 00:20:52,863
and 46 per cent of British children
have a television in their bedroom.
271
00:20:53,601 --> 00:20:55,592
How often do you watch TV?
272
00:20:56,037 --> 00:20:57,129
Nearly every day.
273
00:20:57,272 --> 00:20:59,263
Quite a lot, every night.
274
00:20:59,474 --> 00:21:01,533
Usually, l watch teIevision every night.
275
00:21:02,010 --> 00:21:04,945
I watch it for about two hours a day.
276
00:21:05,413 --> 00:21:06,402
Not very much.
277
00:21:07,015 --> 00:21:08,949
Each day l watch an hour of television.
278
00:21:09,284 --> 00:21:10,979
What's your favourite programme?
279
00:21:11,252 --> 00:21:14,949
My favourite programme is Neighbours.
280
00:21:15,290 --> 00:21:17,724
My favourite programme is The Simpsons.
281
00:21:18,092 --> 00:21:21,653
I like sport, mainly, on television: football, rugby.
282
00:21:22,230 --> 00:21:26,690
My favourite programmes are the
soap operas like EastEnders.
283
00:21:27,035 --> 00:21:30,004
My favourite programmes are
EastEnders, The Simpsons and Friends.
284
00:21:30,338 --> 00:21:32,067
My favourite programme's MTV.
285
00:21:32,440 --> 00:21:34,874
My favourite programmes are
Friends and The Simpsons.
286
00:21:35,176 --> 00:21:36,939
What are you going to watch tonight?
287
00:21:37,111 --> 00:21:40,137
Tonight I'm going to watch Neighbours and Friends.
288
00:21:40,481 --> 00:21:43,314
Tonight I'lI probably watch Top of the Pops.
289
00:21:43,484 --> 00:21:45,452
I'm going to watch Neighbours and Friends.
290
00:21:46,054 --> 00:21:49,512
Tonight I'lI probably watch Top of the Pops and Friends.
291
00:21:50,992 --> 00:21:53,460
Eighty-four percent of British
homes have a video recorder...
292
00:21:54,062 --> 00:21:57,259
that's more than in any other European country.
293
00:22:03,104 --> 00:22:05,072
What kind of videos do you watch?
294
00:22:05,306 --> 00:22:08,241
I watch action and sci-fi videos.
295
00:22:09,010 --> 00:22:10,170
I like comedy films.
296
00:22:10,445 --> 00:22:13,903
I like old films like CasabIanca and Citizen Kane.
297
00:22:14,148 --> 00:22:16,275
I watch skateboarding and rollerblading videos.
298
00:22:16,484 --> 00:22:18,179
I would normally watch comedy videos.
299
00:22:19,153 --> 00:22:22,520
It's interesting that in Britain
more people have a television...
300
00:22:22,724 --> 00:22:23,986
than a washing machine.
301
00:22:24,325 --> 00:22:27,158
But my washing machine has a terrible picture!
302
00:22:41,242 --> 00:22:44,473
British people spend their free
time in a lot of different ways.
303
00:22:45,046 --> 00:22:48,743
They do sport, they watch sport,
they visit interesting places...
304
00:22:49,017 --> 00:22:50,006
and they have hobbies.
305
00:22:50,218 --> 00:22:52,015
Have you tried any of these?
306
00:23:12,440 --> 00:23:13,634
What do you do in your free time?
307
00:23:14,008 --> 00:23:18,741
I like to watch television and listen to music a lot.
308
00:23:19,080 --> 00:23:20,411
But l do go on the Internet as well.
309
00:23:21,015 --> 00:23:23,381
I like to skateboard and rollerblade in my free time.
310
00:23:23,551 --> 00:23:30,081
I play rugby in my free time for Oxford
Rugby Club. And I also play tennis.
311
00:23:30,391 --> 00:23:33,519
In my free time l usually play sport...
312
00:23:33,761 --> 00:23:38,425
which is usually tennis if the
weather is nice or swimming.
313
00:23:38,800 --> 00:23:41,098
I like playing rugby. l'm a member of a rugby team.
314
00:23:41,302 --> 00:23:43,361
I like swimming, playing tennis and football.
315
00:23:43,604 --> 00:23:46,129
I play football for a football team.
l play a lot of tennis as well.
316
00:23:46,340 --> 00:23:48,808
I play rugby or cricket, or go sailing.
317
00:23:49,143 --> 00:23:54,979
I play sport, go into town, see my friends.
318
00:23:55,316 --> 00:23:59,013
In my free time l go to a drama
group and a dance group.
319
00:24:00,254 --> 00:24:03,712
So what are the top ten leisure activities in Britain?
320
00:24:04,992 --> 00:24:08,951
The most popular activity for British
people outside their own home is...
321
00:24:09,263 --> 00:24:10,696
going to the pub.
322
00:24:11,065 --> 00:24:14,592
Over the last ten or twenty
years pubs have changed a lot.
323
00:24:15,002 --> 00:24:17,266
People don't just go to the pub for a drink.
324
00:24:17,505 --> 00:24:19,632
Almost all pubs serve meals nowadays...
325
00:24:20,007 --> 00:24:24,967
and many pubs have live music,
karaoke competitions and quiz nights.
326
00:24:25,179 --> 00:24:28,842
The second most popular
activity is going to a restaurant.
327
00:24:29,217 --> 00:24:30,149
And the third?
328
00:24:41,229 --> 00:24:44,460
Young people, especially, like going out for fast food.
329
00:24:44,899 --> 00:24:46,730
The number of fast food restaurants in Britain...
330
00:24:47,235 --> 00:24:50,033
has increased about 10 times since 1982.
331
00:24:50,338 --> 00:24:51,999
And after fast food?
332
00:24:58,246 --> 00:25:00,908
The fourth most popular activity is...
333
00:25:01,082 --> 00:25:02,811
going to the Iibrary.
334
00:25:03,050 --> 00:25:05,883
Surprisingly, this is more popular
than going to the cinema...
335
00:25:06,087 --> 00:25:08,078
although the number of people going to the cinema...
336
00:25:08,422 --> 00:25:10,617
has almost doubled since 1980...
337
00:25:10,925 --> 00:25:13,553
and the number of cinemas
has more than doubled, too.
338
00:25:16,998 --> 00:25:19,057
Many peopIe visit historic buildings.
339
00:25:19,333 --> 00:25:20,766
This is Kingston Lacey...
340
00:25:21,102 --> 00:25:24,970
a beautiful seventeenth century
house with lovely gardens.
341
00:25:36,184 --> 00:25:38,209
Nearby is Corfe Castle.
342
00:25:38,686 --> 00:25:41,951
It's over one thousand years old and full of history.
343
00:25:45,226 --> 00:25:49,219
Short break holidays both abroad
and in Britain are very popular.
344
00:25:54,202 --> 00:25:57,137
A lot of young people go to discos and nightclubs.
345
00:26:00,975 --> 00:26:04,001
And, of course, watching sport is a big free time activity.
346
00:26:04,278 --> 00:26:06,178
Favourite sports incIude football...
347
00:26:12,987 --> 00:26:14,079
horseracing...
348
00:26:22,196 --> 00:26:25,962
and cricket, a traditional English sport.
349
00:26:51,192 --> 00:26:53,660
Art galleries and museums are popular too.
350
00:26:54,161 --> 00:26:56,425
This is the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford.
351
00:26:57,031 --> 00:26:59,659
The Ashmolean is the oldest museum in Britain...
352
00:26:59,967 --> 00:27:03,801
and has been part of the
University of Oxford since 1683.
353
00:27:04,205 --> 00:27:08,005
They have a wonderful collection here
including these beautiful sculptures.
354
00:27:08,409 --> 00:27:11,901
200,000 people visit this museum every year.
355
00:27:12,113 --> 00:27:14,946
Like many museums in Britain, admission is free.
356
00:27:15,449 --> 00:27:17,713
What other places do peopIe like to visit?
357
00:27:23,991 --> 00:27:27,358
Almost 3 million people visit Alton Towers every year.
358
00:27:28,963 --> 00:27:30,954
This ride is called Nemesis.
359
00:27:42,009 --> 00:27:44,034
And this one is called Oblivion.
360
00:27:54,188 --> 00:27:56,088
Then there's Madame Tussaud's...
361
00:28:06,967 --> 00:28:08,025
the Tower of London...
362
00:28:14,141 --> 00:28:15,938
Legoland...
363
00:28:34,995 --> 00:28:39,398
and the London Eye. The London
Eye opened in March 2000...
364
00:28:40,000 --> 00:28:42,969
and is one of London's most popular attractions.
365
00:28:53,013 --> 00:28:55,538
But what to British do at home in their free time?
366
00:28:55,883 --> 00:28:59,444
WeIl, listening to the radio or to CDs is popular.
367
00:28:59,954 --> 00:29:00,943
So is reading.
368
00:29:01,288 --> 00:29:05,918
And people spend a lot of time visiting
or entertaining their friends and family.
369
00:29:06,127 --> 00:29:08,118
But the most popular activity?
370
00:29:08,562 --> 00:29:12,054
You've guessed it. lt's watching TV.
371
00:29:52,072 --> 00:29:54,199
This is the Peak District National Park.
372
00:29:54,542 --> 00:29:59,980
It covers an area of about 1500 square
kilometres in the centre of England.
373
00:30:05,019 --> 00:30:09,979
The government created National Parks
in 1949 to protect the environment.
374
00:30:23,270 --> 00:30:26,933
Britain is a small country with a large population.
375
00:30:27,274 --> 00:30:29,435
Nearly fifty-nine million people live here...
376
00:30:30,044 --> 00:30:33,013
seventy-five percent in towns and cities.
377
00:30:49,296 --> 00:30:52,197
The Peak District lies between
Manchester and Sheffield...
378
00:30:52,500 --> 00:30:55,230
and near several other Iarge towns and cities.
379
00:30:55,503 --> 00:30:59,132
A third of the population of Britain
can get here in less than an hour.
380
00:30:59,306 --> 00:31:03,242
In fact there are over 22 million visitors every year.
381
00:31:08,148 --> 00:31:11,982
On the River Mersey near Liverpool,
not far from the Peak District...
382
00:31:12,253 --> 00:31:15,051
we see what industry can do to the environment.
383
00:31:20,160 --> 00:31:22,424
Here in the Midlands and the north of England...
384
00:31:22,630 --> 00:31:26,930
the lndustrial Revolution changed
the face of the British countryside.
385
00:31:27,268 --> 00:31:31,932
Factories create money and employment
but they aIso bring problems.
386
00:31:46,253 --> 00:31:50,246
Pollution has been a problem in
Britain since the nineteenth century.
387
00:31:51,058 --> 00:31:54,391
At that time London became famous for its smog...
388
00:31:54,628 --> 00:31:56,960
a mixture of smoke and fog.
389
00:31:57,298 --> 00:32:00,961
Smog continued to be a big problem
in the twentieth century, too.
390
00:32:01,168 --> 00:32:07,004
ln 1952, four thousand people died
when the smog lasted for several days.
391
00:32:08,008 --> 00:32:11,273
Since then the government has
introduced laws to control pollution.
392
00:32:12,012 --> 00:32:16,210
For example, people aren't allowed
to burn coal in towns and cities.
393
00:32:17,952 --> 00:32:20,443
But new threats to the environment have appeared.
394
00:32:20,688 --> 00:32:25,921
There are now twenty-seven million cars,
vans and lorries on the roads in Britain.
395
00:32:26,193 --> 00:32:29,253
A quarter of families have two or more cars.
396
00:32:31,031 --> 00:32:36,230
On average, the British use buses and
trains for only one out of ten journeys.
397
00:32:50,417 --> 00:32:54,353
Many cities have taken action
to deal with increasing traffic.
398
00:32:54,989 --> 00:32:56,650
This is the High Street in Oxford.
399
00:32:57,057 --> 00:33:01,391
OnIy buses, taxis and bicycles
can use this street during the day.
400
00:33:01,829 --> 00:33:05,162
Many other British cities now have traffic-free areas.
401
00:33:21,315 --> 00:33:25,376
Looking after the environment has
become an important part of British life.
402
00:33:25,686 --> 00:33:27,210
In such a crowded country...
403
00:33:27,354 --> 00:33:31,120
it's essential to protect the countryside
so that people can enjoy it.
404
00:33:42,169 --> 00:33:44,000
Why do you come to the Peak District?
405
00:33:44,338 --> 00:33:48,069
WeIl there's loveIy areas around
here and there's loads of walks.
406
00:33:48,342 --> 00:33:52,540
There's nature walks all the way round as you can see.
407
00:33:53,213 --> 00:33:56,341
And it's just a nice area for families to come.
408
00:33:57,051 --> 00:34:00,543
It's absolutely beautiful. l love walking here...
409
00:34:00,854 --> 00:34:03,345
and there are certain parts that l come to quite often.
410
00:34:03,624 --> 00:34:04,921
You get a lot of variation.
411
00:34:05,192 --> 00:34:09,891
There's valleys, there's water, streams, rivers, Iakes.
412
00:34:10,197 --> 00:34:13,394
Fresh air, you have a good
appetite when you've been here.
413
00:34:13,934 --> 00:34:16,402
I love the countryside so l love to come for a walk.
414
00:34:16,670 --> 00:34:18,399
And l like to look at the wildlife.
415
00:34:18,939 --> 00:34:22,568
There are such lovely places
to see and nice walks to do...
416
00:34:22,943 --> 00:34:25,571
and the people are very friendly.
417
00:34:27,414 --> 00:34:31,373
There's just so much to do in
the area. It's a very nice area.
418
00:34:32,052 --> 00:34:35,180
And when the weather's good,
it's really beautiful, isn't it?
419
00:35:07,921 --> 00:35:12,153
In Britain today people are putting
time, money, and energy...
420
00:35:12,426 --> 00:35:15,156
into keeping well and keeping fit.
421
00:35:15,596 --> 00:35:17,120
Health care's important.
422
00:35:17,297 --> 00:35:20,892
So is diet. And so is fitness!
423
00:35:25,005 --> 00:35:28,065
If you're ill in Britain, you go to see your GP.
424
00:35:28,442 --> 00:35:32,310
A GP is a general practitioner, or famiIy doctor.
425
00:35:33,013 --> 00:35:36,073
There are over 36,000 GPs in Britain...
426
00:35:36,316 --> 00:35:38,216
and about a third of them are women.
427
00:35:38,986 --> 00:35:41,580
Each GP has nearly 2,000 patients.
428
00:35:42,022 --> 00:35:45,321
If you need medicine, your GP
will write a prescription for you...
429
00:35:45,592 --> 00:35:48,117
to take to a chemist's or pharmacy.
430
00:35:49,129 --> 00:35:51,029
You don't have to pay to see your doctor...
431
00:35:51,198 --> 00:35:54,133
but you will probably have to pay
part of the cost of your medicine...
432
00:35:54,434 --> 00:35:58,131
unless you belong to one of the groups
of people who get their medicine free...
433
00:35:58,472 --> 00:36:03,341
for example, you're a student, or
over 60, or expecting a baby.
434
00:36:04,178 --> 00:36:08,308
Chemists prepare about 505
million prescriptions a year.
435
00:36:10,117 --> 00:36:14,645
If you need to see a speciaIist doctor,
or have medical tests or an operation...
436
00:36:15,022 --> 00:36:17,456
your doctor will send you to a hospital like this.
437
00:36:19,092 --> 00:36:21,560
This is the John Radcliffe Hospital in Oxford.
438
00:36:23,330 --> 00:36:27,357
In Britain most doctors and
hospitaIs are part of the NHS ...
439
00:36:27,801 --> 00:36:29,268
the NationaI Health Service.
440
00:36:32,005 --> 00:36:35,168
All NHS hospital treatment and operations are free.
441
00:36:35,542 --> 00:36:39,945
In fact, the NHS provides free
medicaI care for everyone in Britain...
442
00:36:40,247 --> 00:36:42,374
from the very young ... to the very old.
443
00:36:46,186 --> 00:36:49,178
When the NHS started in 1948...
444
00:36:49,323 --> 00:36:52,520
it provided free visits to doctors and dentists...
445
00:36:53,060 --> 00:36:58,225
free treatment, free prescriptions,
free eye tests and free glasses.
446
00:36:58,832 --> 00:37:01,926
But today many people have to pay for prescriptions...
447
00:37:02,236 --> 00:37:03,931
for eye tests and glasses...
448
00:37:04,271 --> 00:37:05,670
and for trips to the dentist.
449
00:37:07,374 --> 00:37:11,140
Britain has one of the highest levels of
heart disease in the western world.
450
00:37:11,445 --> 00:37:13,936
It also has a very high level of cancer.
451
00:37:16,283 --> 00:37:19,616
Nearly a million people work in the
National Health Service in Britain...
452
00:37:20,053 --> 00:37:23,147
and it costs almost 40 billion a year.
453
00:37:23,390 --> 00:37:26,086
It's a lot of money ... and there are still probIems.
454
00:37:27,060 --> 00:37:30,496
People sometimes have to wait a long
time before they can see a specialist...
455
00:37:30,964 --> 00:37:32,329
or have an operation.
456
00:37:39,339 --> 00:37:44,003
Because of this, many people see private
doctors and use other kinds of treatment...
457
00:37:44,378 --> 00:37:50,977
or aIternative medicine, like reflexology,
homeopathy, and acupuncture.
458
00:37:59,326 --> 00:38:01,089
It really doesn't hurt at all.
459
00:38:01,328 --> 00:38:05,162
In fact, there are more aIternative
medical practitioners in Britain...
460
00:38:05,499 --> 00:38:07,057
than NHS doctors.
461
00:38:16,143 --> 00:38:20,409
Medicine helps people get better,
diet helps them stay healthy.
462
00:38:21,014 --> 00:38:24,381
lf you eat well, you'll probably
have a longer and healthier life.
463
00:38:24,952 --> 00:38:27,420
Nowadays British people eat less red meat...
464
00:38:27,988 --> 00:38:31,082
and more fresh fruit and vegetables than in the past.
465
00:38:40,500 --> 00:38:44,459
New medicines and better diet
have raised life expectancy.
466
00:38:45,105 --> 00:38:48,336
On average British men live to the age of 7 4...
467
00:38:48,542 --> 00:38:50,976
British women to 79.
468
00:38:51,244 --> 00:38:53,235
Many people live longer than that.
469
00:38:53,380 --> 00:38:58,977
In 1952, only 271 people reached the age of 100.
470
00:38:59,219 --> 00:39:02,086
Nowadays the total's about 3,000 a year.
471
00:39:02,389 --> 00:39:04,949
I hope to see you on my hundredth birthday!
472
00:39:27,314 --> 00:39:29,111
Can you tell me when this happened, please?
473
00:39:29,449 --> 00:39:33,317
It was about half an hour ago, at one o'clock.
474
00:39:35,122 --> 00:39:38,148
OK, and where were you, under
what circumstances was it taken?
475
00:39:39,059 --> 00:39:43,086
We were in the park, and we were eating our lunch.
476
00:39:43,296 --> 00:39:47,164
And then a man suddenly arrived and he stole my bag.
477
00:39:47,434 --> 00:39:50,460
He was a tall man with fair hair.
478
00:39:51,104 --> 00:39:54,505
And he grabbed my bag, and he ran away.
479
00:39:55,042 --> 00:39:56,976
What l need to do is complete a report.
480
00:39:57,210 --> 00:39:59,940
One important part of the work of the British police...
481
00:40:00,080 --> 00:40:01,980
is to help the local community.
482
00:40:02,449 --> 00:40:04,474
Was there anybody else there? Did they see anything?
483
00:40:07,220 --> 00:40:11,350
Police officers are often seen on the
streets of British towns and cities.
484
00:40:12,059 --> 00:40:16,291
Unlike police in many other countries,
these officers don't carry guns.
485
00:40:17,431 --> 00:40:20,491
I've covered the city for a good
ten years as a foot officer.
486
00:40:21,234 --> 00:40:25,193
I've found that a pleasure to do that, and
the locals have been very supportive.
487
00:40:25,472 --> 00:40:29,966
I think the public's view of the police,
and the police's view of the public...
488
00:40:30,143 --> 00:40:31,940
is very very similar.
489
00:40:32,179 --> 00:40:34,579
And we work very hard with the community...
490
00:40:34,714 --> 00:40:36,375
to try and solve their problems.
491
00:40:42,255 --> 00:40:44,951
I would say Oxford during the day, 7 a.m. to 7 p.m....
492
00:40:45,092 --> 00:40:46,582
is like every city very beautiful...
493
00:40:46,993 --> 00:40:50,019
it's got a lot of nice places where
the tourists and the locaIs can go.
494
00:40:50,197 --> 00:40:52,165
And then on a night time, 7 at night onwards...
495
00:40:52,499 --> 00:40:54,057
it's like Manchester and London.
496
00:40:54,334 --> 00:40:57,269
It becomes very busy, a lot of
people out, socialising, drinking...
497
00:40:57,504 --> 00:40:59,301
and the drink then adds to the problems.
498
00:41:09,282 --> 00:41:13,309
There are about one hundred and fifty
thousand police officers in Britain.
499
00:41:21,495 --> 00:41:25,158
Another important part of their
work is the fight against crime.
500
00:41:25,565 --> 00:41:30,059
In 1999, about five million crimes were recorded.
501
00:41:38,044 --> 00:41:42,174
Two million of these crimes were
theft. Half of these invoIved cars.
502
00:41:42,415 --> 00:41:45,350
Over a million cars were broken into or stolen.
503
00:41:46,052 --> 00:41:48,486
And nearly a million burglaries were committed.
504
00:41:49,122 --> 00:41:53,286
In Britain, five times more men
than women commit crimes.
505
00:41:57,464 --> 00:42:01,958
After people are arrested, they come
to somewhere like this ... a court.
506
00:42:02,202 --> 00:42:04,329
In Scotland the system is a little different...
507
00:42:04,538 --> 00:42:07,405
but in England and Wales there
are two main types of court...
508
00:42:08,008 --> 00:42:10,442
the Magistrates' Court and the Crown Court.
509
00:42:11,444 --> 00:42:15,073
Less important crimes are dealt
with in Magistrates' Courts.
510
00:42:15,215 --> 00:42:18,275
These make up 95 per cent of all criminal cases.
511
00:42:18,852 --> 00:42:21,412
The Crown Court deals with more important crimes...
512
00:42:21,688 --> 00:42:24,350
for example armed robbery or murder.
513
00:42:25,158 --> 00:42:27,319
This part of the court is called the dock.
514
00:42:27,594 --> 00:42:29,357
The defendant sits here.
515
00:42:30,297 --> 00:42:32,595
And the judge sits here.
516
00:42:33,200 --> 00:42:36,567
TweIve ordinary people decide if the defendant...
517
00:42:36,703 --> 00:42:38,364
is guilty or not guilty.
518
00:42:39,172 --> 00:42:42,005
These twelve people are called the jury.
519
00:42:42,375 --> 00:42:45,367
The judge decides what the sentence will be.
520
00:43:06,032 --> 00:43:11,231
ln the year 2000, the prison
population in Britain was over 70,000.
521
00:43:11,471 --> 00:43:14,269
That's the second highest proportion of the popuIation...
522
00:43:14,474 --> 00:43:17,068
in any country in western Europe.
523
00:43:46,339 --> 00:43:51,208
ln Britain the death penalty for
murder was abolished in 1969.
524
00:43:51,578 --> 00:43:55,344
However, if necessary, a judge
can send someone to prison...
525
00:43:55,649 --> 00:43:57,412
for the rest of their life.
526
00:44:00,820 --> 00:44:03,288
This prison was closed two years ago.
527
00:44:03,523 --> 00:44:06,014
Now it's going to become a hotel!
528
00:44:06,326 --> 00:44:08,351
But l don't think I'll stay here.
Отредактировал: 
