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10 volumes, 720 articles (or columns) Год выпуска: 1976-1992 Автор: Osamu Mizutani, Nobuko Mizutani Жанр: журнальные статьи Издательство: Japan Times Серия: Nihongo Notes ISBN: 978-4789000680 Формат: PDF Качество: Отсканированные страницы Описание: The "Nihongo Notes" series of books are a compilation of "Japan Times" columns about the Japanese language that deal with specific conversations and situations; for example, how to start a business discussion, how to develop and conclude discussions, and how to make requests and criticize others. Examples of actual discussions, polite and informal, are included, as well as several examples of common [and often amusing] mistakes; but this is not just a common phrase book: each entry is given a two-page explanation of usage. Nihongo Notes 1 - Speaking and Living in Japan: This is a collection of 70 columns which first appeared in The Japan Times under the title of "Nihongo Notes" from August 1, 1976 to November 27, 1977, together with a list of common expressions used in daily life. These columns are designed to explain some points that are difficult for foreigners to understand but that, once explained, can help them understand the Japanese language better.
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Nihongo Notes 2 - Expressing Oneself in Japanese: This book is a compilation of the 70 columns which appeared in The Japan Times from December 3rd, 1977 to April 1st, 1979 under the title "Nihongo Notes". A section of polite conversational expressions has been added to supplement the columns. While continuing to deal with the actual usage of various Japanese expressions, the book attempts to provide more detailed explanations: specific situations such as how the Japanese start business discussion, how they develop and conclude discussions, and how they make requests and criticize others. Nihongo Notes 3 - Understanding Japanese Usage (70 columns from April 8, 1979 to August 3, 1980): The columns in this volume deal with such diverse aspects of Japanese usage as socially significant words and phrases, exchanges in professional situations, reserved-sounding speech, the speech of senior members towards younger members in a group, the speech of young people, and word play. Nihongo Notes 4 - Understanding Communication in Japanese (70 columns from August 10, 1980 to December 6, 1981): The columns in this volume deal with such diverse aspects of Japanese usage as expressions used at ceremonial occasions like wedding parties, expressions used to reinforce the feeling of belonging to the same group, expressions used for implicitly conveying one's requests, emphatic expressions of one's feelings, and important nonverbal expressions like bowing and knocking. Nihongo Notes 5 - Studying Japanese in Context (70 columns from December 13, 1981 to April 10, 1983): The columns in this volume include various expressions of reserve and consideration used toward the listener, and also several common mistakes that foreigners are apt to make. Nihongo Notes 6 - Situational Japanese 1 (74 columns from April 17, 1983 to September 9, 1984): While continuing to explain the actual usage of various Japanese expressions, we have changed the format slightly from this volume on to focus on how Japanese is used in specific situations and for specific purposes. In other words, we have shifted the emphasis from an expression-oriented approach to a situation-oriented one. Nihongo Notes 7 - Situational Japanese 2 (74 columns from September 16, 1984 to February 9, 1986): This volume explains, among other things, how the Japanese talk in familiar conversation, how men's and women's speech differ, how pronunciation changes in rapid speech, and how the topic is indicated in Japanese sentences. Nihongo Notes 8 - Situational Japanese 3 (74 columns from February 16, 1986 to July 19, 1987): This book explains how some basic words and phrases are used in social life, how the Japanese modify their speech depending on the purpose, and what expressions are most likely to precede certain categories of speech such as making a request, apologizing, stating an opinion, and reporting what another person has said. Nihongo Notes 9 - Situational Japanese 4 (74 columns from July 26, 1987 to December 18, 1988): This volume discusses how the Japanese express themselves for such purposes as making requests, asking about someone's intentions, offering explanation, showing goodwill, and criticizing others. The book also explains the subtle difference between two similar expressions and show how to foreigner can avoid making mistakes in using them. Nihongo Notes 10 - Situational Japanese 5 (74 columns from December 1988 to May 18, 1990): This book discusses, among other things, how the Japanese express themselves for such purposes as stating an opinion, thanking someone for some service, offering to do a favor, giving advice, and giving compliments. The book also explains the subtle difference between two similar expressions and show how to foreigner can avoid making mistakes in using them. Доп. информация: На английском
The following list is an index to all the words and phrases discussed in Nihongo Notes 1-8, by Osamu and Nobuko Mizutani, as well as words and phrases discussed in Ronald Suleski and Hiroko Masada's Affective Expressions in Japanese and Akira Miura's Japanese Words and Their Uses. The codes used for the books are as follows:
AE Affective Expressions in Japanese: A Handbook of Value-Laden Words in Everday English.
Ronald Suleski & Hiroko Masada, The Hokuseido Press, Tokyo 1982. JW Japanese Words and Their Uses.
Akira Miura, Charles E. Tuttle Company, Tokyo, 1983. N1 Nihongo Notes 1: Speaking and Living in Japan.
Osamu & Nobuko Mizutani, The Japan Times, Tokyo, 1977. N2 Nihongo Notes 2: Expressing Oneself in Japanese.
Osamu & Nobuko Mizutani, The Japan Times, Tokyo, 1979. N3 Nihongo Notes 3: Understanding Japanese Usage.
Osamu & Nobuko Mizutani, The Japan Times, Tokyo, 1980. N4 Nihongo Notes 4: Understanding Communication in Japanese.
Osamu & Nobuko Mizutani, The Japan Times, Tokyo, 1981. N5 Nihongo Notes 5: Studying Japanese in Context.
Osamu & Nobuko Mizutani, The Japan Times, Tokyo, 1983. N6 Nihongo Notes 6, Situational Japanese 1.
Osamu & Nobuko Mizutani, The Japan Times, Tokyo, 1984. N7 Nihongo Notes 7, Situational Japanese 2.
Osamu & Nobuko Mizutani, The Japan Times, Tokyo, 1986. N8 Nihongo Notes 8, Situational Japanese 3.
Osamu & Nobuko Mizutani, The Japan Times, Tokyo, 1987. A, atta, atta.......N1/127
aa-yuu......N7/8
Aa, soo (yuu wake)-ka.......N2/21
Aa, soo-desu-ka.......N8/93
Aa, soo-ka.......N1/84-5
abunai (dangerous)......JW/14
.accent......N6/128
.accepting a compliment......N7/40
.accepting an invitation......N7/74-5
.accepting an offer of help......N8/100-1
.adopting children's terms......N7/125
.adverbs anticipating a negative statement......N8/78-9
.advice, expressions of......N8/54-5, 64-5
agaru (to go up)......JW/14
ageru......N4/24, N3/62-3, N8/34-5
-ageru (suffix)......N8/134-5
aisuru (to love)......JW/15
aite......N3/12-3
aite-ni-suru......N3/13
aizuchi......N1/15, N4/39, N5/47, N6/81, N7/19,96-7,142-, N8/98-9
aizuchi-/giver......N7/128-9
aizuchi-bijin......N7/142-3
aizuchi-no uchikata......N1/112-3
akachan (baby)......JW/15
akachan vs. akanboo......N5/118-9, N8/34
Akemashite omedetoo-gozaimasu.......N1/52-3
Akemashite omedetoo gozaimasu. (Happy New Year!)......JW/16
akumade (completely, totally, stubbornly, to the l......AE/1
amai (sweet)......JW/17
amari (too, excessively)......JW/17
anata......N1/28-9
anata (you)......JW/19
anata /unnecessary......N7/128-9
Anata-wa?......N7/128
ane (older sister)......JW/20
ani (older brother)......JW/21
anna......N6/150-1, N7/8-9
ano......N6/150-1
ano-ne......N1/79, N7/10-1, 26
anoo......N1/78-9, N2/106-7, N7/10-1, 26
anoo vs. eeto......N8/110-1
.answering with phrases......N7/118-9
aoi (blue)......JW/21
.apologies for calling......N8/94-5
.apologizing for being late......N7/72-3
.apology (nonverbal)......N2/38-9
.apology about previous meetings......N6/12-3
.apology for being a poor speaker......N4/92-3
apology, expressions of......N8/50-1
.approving the good points that the other person h......N8/36-7
.approximate number, expressions of......N8/90-1
are (Are-o motte-kite)......N1/40-1
are (that)......JW/22
are-deshoo-ne......N5/88-9
...areru (respect)......N6/66-7
ariawase......N6/51
Arigatoo-gozaimashita.......N2/112-3, N6/38
Arigatoo gozaimasu. (Thank you)......JW/24
aru (to be, to have)......JW/25
aru /used for human beings......N8/116-7,136-7
aruku (to walk)......JW/26
arya......N6/68
asa (morning)......JW/27
(...s)asete-itadaku......N4/25
ashi (foot, leg)......JW/28
ashita (tomorrow)......JW/28
.asking for instructions......N6/58-9, N8/142-3
.asking for instructions or permission......N8/154-5
.asking how to read someone's name in kanji......N8/143
.asking someone for advice......N8/58-9
.asking someone to return a phone call......N6/32-3
.asking someone's name......N8/150
.asking someone's wishes politely......N6/59
.asking to move over (nonverbal)......N2/8-9
.asking to repeat......N2/96-7
asobu (to play)......JW/29
atama (head)......JW/30
atatakai ([pleasantly] warm)......JW/30
atatakai vs. atsui......N2/78
ato-de kekkoo-desu-kara......N2/32-3
atsui (hot)......JW/31
atsui (thick)......JW/32
Atsuku narimashita-ne.......N1/100-1
.attributing the merit to someone else......N6/91
au (to see, to meet [someone])......JW/33
.avoiding long modifiers......N7/18-9
azukaru......N1/82
-ba vs. -n-nara......N8/70-1
bai-bai......N4/79, N6/15
bakari (sen-en-bakari)......N1/20-1, N5/112-3
ban (evening, night)......JW/35
ban-gohan (evening meal)......JW/35
banzai......N8/96-7
batan......N6/141
.before accepting an offer......N8/152-3
.being accepted as a foreigner......N7/41
.being hurt in a fall......N6/48-9
beki......N7/68-9
.belittling one's gift......N6/30-1
benjo (toilet)......JW/36
benkyoo (study)......JW/36
Benkyoo-ni narimashita.......N1/134-5
biyooin vs. byooin......N1/107
boke-tto (shite-iru)......N8/63
boku (I, me)......JW/37
boo-tto (shite iru)......N8/63
botsu-botsu......N4/28-9
botsu-botsu vs. soro-soro......N4/28-9
.bowing......N2/39, N4/82-3, N6/8-9, 80, 131
bukka (prices)......JW/38
bura-bura (shite-iru)......N8/62-3
Bura-bura shite-imashita.......N1/92-3
bura-bura-suru......N6/93
bura-bura vs. buru-buru......N2/87
byooki......N3/94-5, N8/82-3
byooki (sick, sickness)......JW/38
.calling a waitress' attention......N6/23
.calling just before one's visit......N6/24
.causative form......N8/40-1
.celebrating a victory......N8/96-7
-cha......N7/34-5
-cha iru-kedo......N7/44
-chan......N2/138
chan-to......N6/88-9
-chan vs. -san......N3/43
.change, expressions indicating......N7/54-5
.changes in the meaning of words......N6/64-5
...chatta......N4/126-7
-chatta......N7/34
-chatta (Mata shippai-shichatta)......N1/122
.checking the listener's understanding......N2/70-1
.chef's recommendation......N6/23
chichi (father)......JW/39
Chigaimasu.......N5/10-1
chigau (to be different, to be incorrect)......JW/40
chiisai toki......N1/103
choodai-itashimasu......N8/49
choosen (Korea)......JW/40
choosha (the author)......JW/41
chooshi......N8/84
chooshi-ga warui......N3/14-5
chotto......N1/58, 96-7, N6/22, N7/11, 133, N8/79
chotto (a little)......JW/41
chotto sono hen-made kimashita-node......N2/110-1
Chotto sono hen-made mairimashita-node.......N6/24
Chotto tsugoo-ga warui-node.......N3/95
Chotto yooji-ga atte.......N3/95
chuunen-no otoko......N6/132
.classroom Japanese......N5/116-7, N6/58, 59
.common sayings......N6/154-5
.complaining about one's health......N3/14-5
.complaints about the weather, heat......N7/108-9
.completing someone's unfinished statement......N6/81
.compliment on a foreigner's Japanese......N6/42
.complimenting the host......N5/32
.compliments......N6/11
.compliments, accepting......N7/40
.compliments, responding to......N7/30-1
.condolences......N2/39
.confirmation, expressions of......N8/66-7
.connecting two sentences......N7/36-7, 62-3
.consent, expressions of......N8/26-7
.context......N6/133
.continued topic......N7/100-1
.contracted forms......N6/106-7, N7/34-5
.conversation opening......N6/10-1, 42
.conveying a message......N6/34-5, 82-3, N7/58-9
.conveying someone's order......N7/93
.counter for people......N8/28-9
.counters......N2/98-9
.counters, uses of......N8/74-5
.criticizing politely......N2/117
"d" sound (edo vs. ero)......N1/99
...-da-to omoimasu......N8/11
...dageru......N7/35
daigaku (college, university)......JW/42
daiji-ni suru......N3/144-5
daijoobu......N8/152
daijoobu (all right)......JW/43
dakara......N4/112-3
dake......N4/75
dake (only)......JW/44
dake (sanjippun-dake)......N1/110-1
...dake-no koto-wa aru......N4/75
dame-desu......N7/126-7
dane vs. ne......N7/94
.dangling tone......N6/69, N7/119, 133
dareka......N7/20-1
...dasu......N6/112-3
...dasu vs. ...hajimeru......N6/112-3
datte......N2/26-7
de.........N7/62-3
...de ii-desu......N5/22-3, 76-7
...de ii-kara......N3/82-3
...de ii vs. ...ga ii......N2/134
...de irasshaimasu......N5/130-1
...de irasshaimasu-ka vs. ...de irasshaimasen-ka......N7/23
...de irassharu (replacing desu)......N8/44-5
...de itte-imashita......N4/45
...de vs. ...ni......N8/116-7
...de yokattara......N3/142-3
...de yonda......N4/47
De, kyoo-wa.........N2/114-5, N6/20
.declining an offer of help......N6/36-7
dekakeru (to go out)......JW/45
Dekinai wake-ja arimasen-kedo.........N3/84-5
dekiru (to come about, to be able to)......JW/46
-demo......N6/146-7
demo (Ocha-demo nomimasen-ka)......N1/94-5
demo amari osoku naru-to......N2/56-7
demo ojama-deshoo-kara......N2/49
Demo, moo naremashita.......N1/143
Demo, sore-dewa.......N8/152-3
.denial, strong......N6/116-7
densha ([electric] train)......JW/48
denwa (telephone)......JW/48
denwa-ga kakatte-kuru......N5/141
Denwa-ga tookute yoku kikoemasen......N3/147
deru (to go out, to leave, to graduate)......JW/49
deru vs. dekakeru......N5/106-7
.describing being hurt in a fall......N6/48-9
.describing headache......N6/46-7
.describing stomachache......N6/44-5
(o) ...deshita-ka......N6/124-5
...deshita-ne......N2/83
...desho(o)?......N5/82-3
(o) ...deshoo-ka......N6/125
...deshoo-ka vs. ...desu-ka......N8/8-9
(o) ...desu-ka......N6/124-5
...desu-mono......N2/27
desu-mono......N6/96-7
...desu-ne......N2/52-3
desu-ne......N7/27
Desu-ne /used as an answer......N5/92-3
...desu-no......N3/47
...desu /used for explaining and reporting......N5/84-5
Desu, Deshoo, Deshita /used as an answer......N5/144-5
dewa......N2/18-9
Dewa, kore-de.......N6/16
Dewa, kore-de shitsuree-shimasu.......N6/25
.dialects......N2/144-5
.different attitude on the speaker's part......N6/76-7
.dissapointment or irritation......N7/39
-do /meaning time(s)......N7/52
Dochira-e?......N1/8-9, N2/111, N4/91
dochira-sama......N8/150
Dochirasama-deshoo-ka.......N8/8-9
...doita......N7/35
Doita, doita.......N3/17
Dokkoisho!......N7/131
Dokoka!......N7/20-1
...dokoro-ka......N5/128-9
-domo......N3/97
Donata-deshita-ka.......N2/83
donata(-sama)......N8/150
donna......N7/8-9
donna (what kind [of])......JW/50
donna hito vs. doo-yuu hito......N7/9
Doo-deshoo-ne......N3/28-9
Doo-desu-ka.......N1/24
doo ...eba ii-deshoo......N6/58-9
Doo-itashimashite.......N1/75, N3/48-9
Doo itashimashite. (Not at all, You are welcome.)......JW/51
Doo omoimasu-ka.......N3/29
Doo shita mon-deshoo-ne.......N4/40
doo-yuu......N6/157, N7/8-9
dooka......N8/101
Dooka-to omoimasu.......N3/29
doomo......N1/22-3, N2/90, N3/49, N7/133, N8/79, 107
doomo (thanks, sorry)......JW/51
Doomo ojama-shimashita.......N1/69
Doomo osawagase-shimashita.......N8/46
Doomo shitsuree-shimashita.......N1/30
doose (after all, of course, anyway, at any rate,......AE/2
doose......N2/74-5, 90
...dooshi......N4/76-7
Dooyara kooyara.......N1/137
doozo......N1/66-7, N2/9, N4/98-9, N7/17
doozo (please)......JW/52
doozo (vs. "please")......N8/100-1
doozo (vs. dooka)......N8/100-1
Doozo goyukkuri.......N3/134-5, N8/114-5
Doozo oagari-kudasai.......N2/49
Doozo odaiji-ni.......N1/51, N3/144
Doozo ogenki-de.......N1/51
Doozo oki-o tsukete.......N1/51
Doozo sono mama.......N8/19
Doozo vs. Onegai-shimasu......N4/98-9
Doozo yoi otoshi-o (omukae-kudasai).......N1/50-1
Doozo-yoroshiku.......N1/75, N2/36, N6/8
dore......N1/40
dore-mo kore-mo......N8/33
doreka......N7/20
doshi-doshi......N6/46
doshin-doshin......N6/46
.double negative......N4/61, N8/146-7
.dropping of the "i" sound......N4/141, N7/34, 82-3
.dropping of the "o" sound......N7/86-7
e (picture)......JW/53
-e vs. -ni......N8/138-9
E?......N4/111
(...sur)eba......N4/116
...-eba ii-deshoo......N8/142-3
...eba ii-noni......N5/98-9
-eba vs. -temo......N3/53
ee......N1/112
Ee.......N3/58-9
ee (yes)......JW/53
ee, anoo, eeto......N2/106-7
Ee, chotto.......N3/112-3, N4/90
Ee, chotto soko-made.......N1/8, 25
Ee, ee.......N1/14
Ee, honjitsu-wa.........N2/106-7
Ee, maa-ne.......N1/123
eeto......N1/145
eeto vs. anoo......N8/110-1
eiga (movie)......JW/53
.emphasizing adj. and verbs......N8/126-7
.emphasizing the negation......N8/146-7
.emphasizing the speaker's intentions or judgement......N8/16-7
.end of business discussions......N6/18-9
.ending telephone conversations......N8/102-3
enpitsu (pencil)......JW/54
.evaluation......N6/89
.exchanging complaints......N7/108-9
.existence, expressions of......N8/136-7
.expectations......N6/88-9
.explaining the reason why one was late......N7/72-3
.expressing one's desires......N8/14
.expressing one's will and wishes......N8/14-5
.expressing the speaker's emotions vividly......N8/30-1
.expression accompanying an action......N7/130-1
.expression ending in ...nna......N7/8-9
.expressions ending in ...yuu......N7/8-9
.expressions for accepting an offer......N7/16-7
.expressions for idling away one's time......N8/62-3
.expressions for reporting......N7/58-9
.expressions indicating change......N7/54-5
.expressions indicating the subject......N6/152-3
.expressions meaning "as you know"......N6/40-1
.expressions meaning "enjoy"......N8/114-5
.expressions meaning "Just as it is now"......N8/19-20
.expressions meaning "must"......N7/126-7
.expressions meaning "not all..."......N6/114-5
.expressions meaning "please accept it"......N6/30
.expressions of apology or gratitude about previou......N6/12-3
.expressions of concern......N7/135
.expressions of gratitude......N7/70-1
.expressions of gratitude and compliments......N6/11
.expressions of pleasure......N6/90-1
.expressions of sympathy......N4/40-1
.expressions used at the end of business discussio......N6/18-9
.expressions used for introducing oneself......N3/68-9
.expressions used for strong denial......N6/116-7
.expressions used in the classroom......N4/110-1
.expressions used when offering a gift......N8/22-3
.expressions used when starting a statement......N6/126-7
.family language......N6/97
.family terms, use of......N2/138-9
"finish ...ing", expressions meaning......N8/134-5
.finishing up someone's statement......N4/84-5
.first part of a sentence implying the rest......N6/132-3
Furafura shite-imashita.......N1/92-3
furareta (passive)......N1/45
furisoo vs. furu-soo......N2/89
furui (old)......JW/54
furui vs. toshi-o totte-iru......N1/108
futo (suddenly, unexpectedly, involuntarily, casua......AE/4
.future action......N5/39
"g" sound (in kagi, nasalized)......N1/127
"g" sound nasalized......N7/115
(...desu)-ga......N6/68-9
(noun, pronoun)-ga......N6/153
ga (Watashi-desu-ga...)......N1/26-7
...ga ii......N3/90-1
...ga itta-n-desu-ga......N4/47
-ga nai vs. -ja nai......N8/82-3
...ga soo mooshimasu (iimasu)-node......N3/26-7
ga vs. wa......N3/50-1
(...desu) ga,.........N4/132-3
gaijin (foreigner)......JW/55
gakkoo (school)......JW/55
gakusei (student)......JW/56
Ganbaranakucha.......N1/71
ganbare......N8/97
gan-gan......N6/47
garasu vs. gurasu......N3/99
-gata......N3/97
gekijoo (theater)......JW/56
genki......N8/82-3
genki (healthy, well, high-spirited)......JW/57
genki-ja nai vs. genki-ga nai......N8/82-3
.give, words meaning......N3/62-3
.giving advice......N5/98-9
.giving directions......N6/56-7
.giving one's card to someone......N8/112-3
.giving someone's name without any terms of respec......N6/29
.giving uncertain information......N8/12-3
go + adjectives......N8/43
gobenkyoo-chuu......N3/125
gobusata......N8/51
Gobusata-itashimashita.......N1/75
gochisoo-suru......N5/80
Gochisoosama(-desguta).......N3/49
Gochisoosama(-deshita).......N1/54-5
gogo (afternoon, PM)......JW/57
gohan (cooked rice, meal)......JW/57
gojibun......N7/148
Gokigen-yoo.......N6/15
Gokuroo-sama (Thank you for your work)......JW/58
Gokuroosama.......N1/116-7, N6/63
Gomen-kudasai. (Is anybody home?)......JW/58
Gomen-kudasai(-mase).......N6/15, 19
Gomen-nasai.......N2/14-5, N3/101
Gomen-nasai (Sorry!)......JW/59
gomen-nasai vs. sumimasen......N2/15
goran-ni naru......N6/120-1
-goro (about, approximately)......JW/59
goro-goro......N7/65
goro-goro (-shite iru)......N8/62-3
goro-goro......N1/93
gorori-to, goro-t-to......N7/65
(...kara) goshookai-itadaita mono-desu......N3/68-9
gossori......N4/30-1
Gotaikutsusama-deshita......N2/43
gozaimasen /sounding like gozaasen......N7/114
gozen (AM)......JW/60
gozonji......N1/57
Gozonji-desu-ka.......N6/40
.gratitude about previous meetings......N6/12-3
.gratitude for help......N6/38-9
.gratitude for someone's help or kind action......N7/38-9
.gratitude, expressions of......N8/50-1
guai......N8/84
guchi......N4/38-9
guchi-o kobosu......N4/38-9
guchi-o yuu......N4/38-9
-gurai (about, approximately)......JW/61
gurai (Soo-ne, mittsu-gurai)......N1/20-1
ha ha ha......N3/66-7
Ha?......N4/110-1
haa......N2/14-5
hadaka (naked)......JW/62
haha (mother)......JW/62
hai......N1/15, 112-3, N4/36-7
hai (yes)......JW/62
hai /implying you want to terminate the conversati......N7/96-7
hai /used to call someon's attention to an action......N7/97
hai /used to show polite attitude......N7/88-9
hai /various uses of......N7/96-7
.Hai and Soo-desu.......N7/88-9
hai-to-iie......N3/58-9
hai used to show finality......N3/18-9
Hai, orimasen.......N2/68-9
Haiken-shimasu.......N8/149
haiku......N6/154
hairu vs. ireru......N5/35
haitte-iru vs. irete-aru......N6/134-5
hajime-ni......N8/122-3
hajime-wa......N8/122-3
Hajimemashite.......N1/132, N2/36
Hajimemashite. Doozo yoroshiku.......N1/75
hajimete......N8/122-3
Hajimete ome-ni kakarimasu.......N4/82-3
hakkiri shinai......N6/47
haku (to put on, to wear)......JW/65
Hakusen-no-uchigawa-e sagatte omachi-kudasai.......N2/45
hameru (to put on, to wear)......JW/66
hanashikakeru......N6/118-9
hanashikomu......N6/123
.handing over a gift......N4/80-1
hataraku (to work)......JW/66
hatashite (sure enough, just as I thought, as expe......AE/6
"Have a goo..."......N8/114-5
.having the same meal......N5/78-9
hayai (fast; early)......JW/67
Hayai-desu-ne.......N1/36
hazu......N4/144-5, N7/68-9
hazu-ga nai......N6/116
...hazu-ga nai......N8/78
hazukashii (ashamed, shameful, shy, embarrassed, e......JW/68
.headache, description of......N6/46-7
henji (answer)......JW/69
hi (day, sun)......JW/70
.hidden sentence subjects......N7/100-5
higamu......N6/111
-hiki (counter)......N8/74-5
hikui (low)......JW/71
hirihiri......N6/49
hiroi (wide, broad, spacious)......JW/71
hiru (noon, daytime)......JW/72
Hisashiburi-desu-ne.......N5/102-3
.hissing sound used when starting a statement......N2/107
hito......N3/22-3, 80, N7/149
hito (person)......JW/73
hito-kuchi......N7/53
hito-yasumi......N3/131, N7/53
hitori-de......N7/149
hitotsu......N7/53
Hitotsu ikaga-desu-ka.......N3/131
hitoyama......N2/98-9
ho ho ho......N3/66-7
hodo......N1/20-1
hoken-o kakete-oku......N2/93
homerareru......N4/126-7
-hon (counter)......N6/128-9, N8/74
Honnen-mo doozo yoroshiku onegai-itashimasu......N1/53
honno......N6/50-1
Honno hitotsu-desu-ga.........N3/63
Honno kimochi-desu.......N6/50-1
Honto.......N3/71
honto-ni......N8/36, 60
hontoo ni (really, truly)......JW/73
hora......N4/36-7
hoshii (to want [something])......JW/74
.humble speech......N8/148-9
hyotto suru-to......N6/94
"I would like you to ..."......N8/108-9
"i" dropped in ... ni naru......N7/83
"i" dropped in -te-iru......N7/82
"i" dropped in iku, itta......N7/82
"i" dropped in irassharu......N7/83
Ichi-ni-no san!......N7/130
ichiban (the most)......JW/76
ichido......N7/52-3
Ichinichi-mo hayaku ogenki-ni nararemasu yoo-ni.......N2/121
ichioo (generally, by and large, for the time bein......AE/8
ichioo (ichioo oazukari-shimasu)......N1/82-3
.identifying oneself with one's family members......N8/35
ie (house, home)......JW/76
ii (good)......JW/77
Ii-desu.......N4/18-9
ii-desu-ne......N5/124-5
ii-ja arimasen-ka......N5/20-1
ii jikan......N5/123
ii kagen(-na)......N8/84-5
ii tokoro......N6/100-1, N7/78
ii toshi......N5/122-3
ii-yo......N8/27
Ii?......N8/155
Iie.......N5/10-1
iie (Iie, chigaimasu)......N1/10-1
iie (no)......JW/78
Iie, honno sukoshi-de.........N2/50-1
Iie, kekkoo-desu.......N6/36
Iie, koko-de shitsuree-shimasu.......N6/24
Iie, motomoto chooshi-ga yoku nakatta-n-desu-kara.......N1/124
Iie, sonna koto-wa arimasen.......N8/106
Iie, tondemo arimasen.......N3/123
iinikui......N2/132-3
...ijoo (meaning "now that")......N8/80-1
Ikaga-desu-ka.......N1/24-5
ikaga desu ka (How are you? How about such-and-su......JW/80
ikemasen......N7/126-7
ikemasen /left out......N7/98-9
ikimashita vs. kimashita......N7/117
ikimasu-ka vs. ikimsasen-ka......N7/22-3
ikimasu vs. ikimashoo......N7/74
ikiru......N7/50-1
Ikoo-ka-to omoimasu.......N1/89
iku (to go)......JW/80
iku toki vs. itta toki......N6/75
iku vs. kuru......N3/78-9
iku-yo vs. iku-wayo......N7/95
ima (now)......JW/81
ima-doki (vs. kono-goro)......N8/88-9
ima-goro......N4/48-9
ima-goro vs. kono-goro......N4/48-9
Ima nanji-deshoo-ka.......N2/66
imasara......N8/78-9
imasara-no yoo-ni......N8/79
imooto (younger sister)......JW/82
.imperative in indirect speech......N7/92-3
.implying "too much"......N8/130-1
.implying the sentence is going to be negative......N8/13
inaku narimashita vs. nakunarimashita......N1/102
.incomplete sentences as polite inquiries......N2/124
.indicating certainty about what will happen in th......N8/14
.indirect development of a conversation......N7/100-1
.indirect expressions......N6/146-7
.indirect expressions of disapproval......N4/118-9
.indirect requests......N7/100-1
.inquiring about someone's wishes......N8/20-1
.intransitive verb + te imasu vs. transitive verb......N3/140-1
.introducing a relative or colleague......N8/72-3
.introduction......N2/64-5
.introductory remarks......N4/133
.introductory words with -ka......N7/20-1
.inversion of phrases......N2/54-5
ippai......N7/53
ippai nomu......N3/130-1
Irasshai.......N3/134, N5/54-5
irasshai (Welcome [to our place]!)......JW/82
Irasshaimase.......N1/17, N3/49, N5/54-5
irasshaimasu......N1/29
iru......N8/116-7
iru (to be, to exist)......JW/82
iru (to need)......JW/83
iru vs. aru......N1/33
isogashii (busy)......JW/83
isogeba vs. isoidemo......N3/53
issho (together)......JW/84
issho-ni... suru......N5/116-7
Issho-ni doo?......N2/103
isso (had better, would rather)......AE/9
Itadakimasu.......N1/54-5
itadakimasu (I humbly accept)......JW/85
itai (painful)......JW/85
itai vs. iitai......N7/112
itsu (when?)......JW/86
Itsudemo ii-desu.......N1/140-1
itsuka......N7/20-1
itsumo-no-yoo......N5/69
Itte-(i)rasshai.......N1/51, 62, N2/59, N6/16-7
itte-irasshai (Hurry home!)......JW/86
Itte-kimasu.......N1/62, N2/58
Itte-mairimasu.......N1/62, N2/58, N6/16-7
itte-mairimasu (I'm leaving)......JW/87
iya......N2/51
iya (unpleasant, awful, detestable, nasty)......JW/87
iyo-iyo (increasingly, more and more, all the more......AE/10
izure (which, either way, regardless, in any case)......AE/12
izure mo (whichever, both)......AE/12
izure ni shite mo (regardless of which one, whatev......AE/12
ja......N2/18-9, 59
Ja.......N6/14, 19, 63
...ja (contraction)......N7/34-5
...ja arimasen-ka......N8/126-7
-ja nai (vs. -ga nai)......N8/82-3
...ja nai-ka-to omoimasu......N7/132
...ja nai(-ka)......N5/132-3
Ja, ato-de.......N6/16
Ja, ii-na.......N8/66-7
Ja, itte-rasshai.......N1/25
Ja, kore-de.......N2/59, N4/95
Ja, kore-de shitsuree-shimasu.......N6/17
Ja, kyoo-wa kore-de.......N2/59
Ja, mata.......N2/59, N4/103, N6/14, 63
Ja, sonna tokoro-de.......N6/18
Jaa, kore-de.......N1/71
...jatta......N7/34
-ji (o'clock)......JW/88
jibiki (dictionary)......JW/89
jibun......N7/148-9
jibun (self)......JW/89
jibun-de......N7/149
jikan (hour, time)......JW/90
jime-jime......N3/128-9
jimusho (office)......JW/91
jitsu ni (really, very)......AE/15
jitsu-ni......N1/81
jitsu wa (in fact, really, honestly, truely)......AE/16
jitsu-wa......N1/80-1, N2/102-3, 140, N6/20-1
jiyuu vs. juu......N1/107
joobu (healthy, robust, strong)......JW/92
joozu......N5/32-3
ka (ikoo-ka-to omoimasu)......N1/89
-ka /pronunciation of......N8/92-3
ka in Soo-desu-ka......N6/142-3
ka nanika (suugaku-ka nanika)......N1/95
ka used to show reserve......N6/148-9
...ka(na)......N7/144-5
kaburu (to put on, to wear)......JW/93
kado (corner)......JW/93
Kaeranakereba narimasen.......N4/32
Kaeranakucha.......N1/70-1
kaeri-de ii-kara......N3/82-3
kaeroo-tto......N7/144-5
kaeru (to return)......JW/94
kaeru toki vs. kaetta topki......N6/74-5
kaetta toki......N1/35
Kaettara sugu denwa-shimasu.......N1/120-1
Kaette-kudasai.......N1/38-9
kagen......N8/84-5
kagi vs. kani......N7/115
kaimono (shopping)......JW/94
kaisha (business company)......JW/95
kakaru ([it] takes, costs)......JW/96
kakegoe......N7/130
...kakeru......N6/119
kaku (to write)......JW/97
kamaimasen ka (Do you mind?)......JW/97
kaminari (lightning, thunder)......JW/98
...kamo shiremasen......N5/60-1
kamo shirenai......N6/94
-kana......N8/67
kanai......N5/120-1
kanai (my wife)......JW/99
kanai vs. tsuma......N6/28
kangaeru (to think, to consider)......JW/99
kanji /compounds......N6/67
kankee-ga aru......N5/114-5
kanojo......N4/20-1
kanojo (she)......JW/100
kanshin (admirable, praiseworthy)......JW/101
kara......N6/26-7, N7/13,73
karada (body)......JW/102
karada-o kowasu......N3/24
karari-to (karatto)......N3/128-9
kare......N4/20-1
kare (he)......JW/102
kariru (to borrow, to rent [from someone])......JW/103
karuta......N5/16
kashikomarimashita......N8/27
kashira......N7/125
kashira (Dekiru-kashira)......N1/128-9
kasu (to lend, to rent [to someone])......JW/104
kata......N3/23
Katta, katta.......N3/16-7
kawa (river)......JW/104
kawari (-ni)......N4/26-7
kazoku (family)......JW/105
kazu (number)......JW/105
kedo (Hai, orimasu-kedo...)......N1/26-7
...kedo vs. ...kara......N2/76-7
kekkon-suru (to get married)......JW/106
kekkon-suru hito......N1/35
kekkon-suru koto-ni narimashita......N2/80-1
kekkoo......N8/152, 155
kekkoo-desu(-ne)......N1/138
kekkoo-desu......N4/19, N8/119
kekkoo desu (that's fine)......JW/106
kekkyoku (in the end, consequently, after all, fin......AE/18
kekkyoku......N1/90-1, N2/74-5
kenkoo......N8/83
keredomo......N3/92-3, N6/68-9
...kerya......N7/35
kesshite......N3/106-7, N4/129
kesshite (by no means)......JW/107
(...yoona) ki ga suru......N3/138-9
ki-ga tsukimasen-de.........N4/88-9
ki-ni naru......N5/73
Ki-ni shinai.......N5/142-3
ki-ni suru......N5/72-3
Ki-o tsukenakucha ikemasen-ne/yo.......N1/37
kibun-ga warui......N3/94
Kikimasen.......N3/146-7
kikoeru vs. kiku......N3/146-7
kikoo-no see......N3/32
kiku......N3/146-7, N4/8
kiku (to listen, to hear, to ask [a question])......JW/108
kimasu vs. kite-imasu......N1/102
kimi (you)......JW/109
kimochi-ga warui......N3/94
kimono (kimono, clothing)......JW/109
kinben......N8/83
kinjo (neighborhood)......JW/110
Kinoo-wa yoku furimashita-ne.......N1/100
kiree-ni......N5/108-9
kirei (pretty, beautiful, clean)......JW/111
kirenai......N6/115
(moo) ...kirenai......N8/130-1
kiri-kiri......N6/44, 46
-kiru......N8/134-5
kiru (to put on, to wear)......JW/111
kitatte vs. kittatte......N2/79
kite-kudasai vs. kitte-kudasai......N1/115
kite-kure-to iwaremashita......N2/101
kitto (probably, most likely, presumably, certainl......AE/20
kitto......N8/14
...kke......N2/83
...kko nai......N6/116-7
.knocking......N4/78-9
ko (child)......JW/112
kobosu......N4/38-9
kochira......N6/108
Kochira ...desu.......N6/8
kochira-koso......N1/74-5, 76, N6/8, N7/150-1
Kochira-koso totsuzen ojama-shimashite.......N6/25
kodomo (child)......JW/113
kodomo-no toki......N1/103
Koko-de shitsuree-shimasu......N3/35
Koko-de tomete-kudasai.......N1/48-9
koko-n toko......N7/86-7
koko vs. kookoo......N7/112
kokoro-bakari-no......N8/48
Komarimashita-ne.......N4/40-1
Komarimasu-ne.......N4/70-1
komaru (to be at a loss)......JW/113
komaru/komarimasu /used in a reprimand......N7/90-1
komatta hito......N2/73
Komatta-na.......N2/12-3
komatte-iru/imasu......N7/91
kome (uncooked rice)......JW/114
...komu......N6/122-3
Konbanwa.......N1/17
kondo......N4/34-5
kondo no (next, this coming)......JW/114
konna......N7/8-9
konna fuu......N3/127
konna guai......N3/127
konna jikan-ni......N3/124-5
Konna kanji-ni shite-kudasai.......N3/126-7
konna koto-o onegai-shite-wa nan-desu-kedo......N2/146
Konnano-de yokattara.......N3/142-3
konnichi wa (Good day!)......JW/115
Kon-nichi-wa.......N1/16-7
kono......N6/150-1
kono-aida (the other day, recently)......JW/115
kono-goro......N4/48-9
kono-goro (vs. ima-doki)......N8/88-9
kono mama......N8/18-9
kono tabi......N4/35
Kono tabi-wa tonda koto-de.........N2/105
kono vs. sono......N5/100-1
konogoro (these days)......JW/116
koo-yuu......N7/8-9
Koo yuu mono-desu.......N3/68-9
kooba (factory)......JW/117
kooen (park)......JW/117
koogi (lecture)......JW/117
koohai......N3/44-5
koohai (one's junior)......JW/118
kookai (regret)......JW/118
kore......N1/40, N6/150-1
kore (this)......JW/119
kore-kara ...tokoro......N7/78
Kore-mo kekkoo-desu-ga.........N4/118-9
kore vs. kore-wa......N8/86-7
Kore-wa ii-desu vs. Kore-ga ii-desu......N3/90-1
koro (approximate time)......JW/120
korobu......N6/48
koro-koro......N1/93
korya......N6/68
koso......N7/150-1
kotaeru (to answer)......JW/121
koto (thing, matter, fact)......JW/122
koto /used to mean "necessity"......N6/98-9
(...suru) koto-desu......N8/64-5
...koto-ni narimashita......N4/34-5
koto-ni naru vs. koto-ni suru......N2/80-1
...koto-ni suru......N8/38
koto-ni yoru-to......N6/94
...koto-wa ...desu-ga......N7/30-1
kotozuke......N6/32
kotsukotsu vs. kosokoso......N2/87
kowai......N2/144-5
Kowaremashita.......N1/125
Kowashimashita.......N1/124-5
kowashite-arimasu......N3/140-1
-ku naru......N7/54
-ku nasasoo......N7/29
-kucha......N7/98
kudasaru......N6/53
-kun......N4/96
-kun (suffix attached to a name)......JW/122
kurasu......N5/107, N7/50-1
kure......N7/72
kureru......N6/53
kureru vs. ageru......N2/128-9
kuri-kuri vs. kura-kura......N2/87
kuru (to come)......JW/123
kuru hito vs. kita hito......N6/75
kuru vs. iku......N3/78-9
kuru yoo-ni iwaremashita......N2/101
kusa (grass, weed)......JW/124
...kuse ni......N2/24-5
kusuri (medicine)......JW/124
kusuri-o nondemo......N3/52-3
kutsushita (socks)......JW/124
...kya......N7/35, 99
kyaku (visitor, guest, customer)......JW/125
kyan-kyan......N3/67
kyoo (today)......JW/126
Kyoo-wa... deshita ne......N2/82-3
Kyoo-wa donna fuu-ni shimashoo-ka.......N5/68-9
Kyoo-wa nanika.........N2/115
kyoodai (brother, sibling)......JW/126
kyooju (professor)......JW/127
kyooshuku-desu......N8/107
.leave-taking......N2/62-3
.leaving a message......N6/32-3
.leaving out a verb phrase......N7/48-9
.leaving out the last part......N7/56-7, 66-7
.leaving out the subject of a sentence......N5/28-9
.leaving the concluding part unsaid......N2/56-7
.length of sentences......N7/18-9
.listener anticipating what will come next......N6/133
.listener participating in completing the speaker'......N6/137
.loan words......N3/98-9
.long vowels, pronunciation of......N7/112-3
.looking for the right expression......N8/110-1
"m" sound......N2/35, N7/114
-ma (counter for rooms)......JW/128
maa......N4/134-5
maa (Maa-ne)......N1/123
machigatte-iru-kamo shiremasen-ga......N2/116-7
mada......N8/140
mada ...te-inai......N6/70-1
mada-mada (Iie, mada-mada-desu)......N1/136
mae (before, ago, front)......JW/128
magatte vs. mawatte......N7/115
-mai (counter)......N8/75
maido......N8/46-7
Maido arigatoo-gozaimasu.......N3/49, N5/68-9, N6/62
Maido gojoosha arigatoo-gozaimasu.......N2/43
mairimasu......N3/70
majime (serious)......JW/129
.making a question sound less demanding......N8/8-9
.making a request......N8/24-5, 150-1
.making a request in a reserved way......N6/26-7
.making explanations......N6/40-1
.making sure that the other person finds it conven......N8/155
makoto-ni......N8/22
Makoto-ni tsumaranai mono-desu-ga.........N4/80-1, N6/30
.male speech used toward women......N7/124-5
...mama......N8/18-9
masa ni (surely, certainly, really, just, about to......AE/23
masaka (surely not, impossible, absolutely not)......AE/21
masashiku (certainly, surely, no doubt)......AE/24
...mase......N6/120
...masen-ka......N4/106-7
...masen-ka vs. ...masu-ka......N4/115-6
mashi......N7/40-1
...mashita......N6/70
mashite (even more, still more, much more, definit......AE/25
...mashite......N5/46-7, N6/81
...mashoo-ka......N8/20-1, 109
...masu......N7/74-5
...masu /used for future......N5/44
...masu vs. ...te-kudasai /used for giving directi......N6/56-7
masu-masu (still more, more and more, increasingly......AE/27
mata......N4/66-7
Mata kite-kudasai.......N1/39
mata kondo......N3/118-9
mattaku......N8/36
mazu (to begin with, first of all, in the first pl......AE/27
.meals, words referring to......N8/56-7
medetai......N3/73
-mee (-sama)......N8/28-9
meeshi......N6/9
meeshi-o doozo......N8/113
.men's and women's sentence endings in familiar co......N7/94-5
meshi (cooked rice, meal)......JW/130
meshi vs. ohiru......N7/124-5
midori (green)......JW/130
mijikai (short)......JW/130
.mimicry words......N2/86-7, N6/140-1, N7/64-5
mina-san (everyone, all of you)......JW/131
minna vs. minnano......N3/54-5
minshuku......N6/62, N8/84
miru (to see, to look, to watch)......JW/131
miru vs. mieru......N3/147
mise (store)......JW/132
mitsukaru vs. mitsukeru......N7/60-1
mizu (cold water)......JW/133
mo (ningen-mo)......N2/109
...mo suru......N4/116-7
mochiron......N6/144-5
modoru (to return, to go back, to come back, to tu......JW/133
Modotte-kimasu.......N1/39
...mon-desu......N2/16-7
...mon-ja arimasen......N2/16-7
...mon(o)-desu-ka......N6/116
...mon(o)-desu-ne......N4/64-5
...mon(o)-ka......N6/116
mondai......N4/16
mono......N3/22-3
mono /meaning "should"......N7/68-9
moo ...kirenai......N8/131
moo /uses of......N8/140-1
Moo ichido itte-kudasai.......N2/96-7, N4/110-1
Moo kaeranakucha.......N1/70
moo sorosoro dekakenai-to......N2/56-7
moo sugu......N8/140
moo sukoshi-de ...suru tokoro-datta......N6/101
Moo takusan-desu.......N8/118-9
mookaru vs. moo kaeru......N2/118-9
Mooshiagemasu.......N8/149
mooshiwake arimasen......N7/17, 72-3
mooshiwake nai-n-desu-ga.........N8/103
moratte-morau......N4/24-5
morau......N2/67
moshi-moshi......N4/79, 102-3, N7/11, N8/98-9
moshi-moshi (Hello)......JW/134
moshika-shitara......N6/94-5
moshika-suru-to......N6/94-5
mottainai......N3/10-1, 145
Motte-kimasu.......N1/32-3
motte-kitageru......N7/34
Muri-desu-wa.......N2/122-3
muri-o suru......N3/24-5
murina onegai......N3/25
mushiatsui......N3/129
mushiro (rather, would sooner)......AE/29
.must, expressions meaning......N7/126-7
muzukashii......N2/103
...n-da used as a command......N5/64-5
n-desu (isogashii-n-desu-ka)......N1/100-1
...n-desu-ka......N4/108-9
...n-desu-kedo......N7/13
...n-ja arimasen......N6/138-9
...n-ja nai......N1/126, N4/137
...n-ja nai-deshoo-ka......N1/126, N7/132
...n-ja nai-ka-to omoimasu......N6/149
...n-ja nakatta......N4/137
(suru)-n-nara......N8/70-1
"n" sound (niman-en vs. niman-nen)......N1/109
...-na (added to a statement directed to oneself)......N8/66
na (komatta-na)......N2/12, 123
na (negative imperative)......N7/93
...-na (used as familiar confirmation)......N8/66-7
...-na (used when talking to oneself)......N8/30-1
na /used for a familiar command......N6/84-5
na /used for negative imperative......N6/82-3
...-na to omou......N8/30
...(na)n-desu-ga......N8/24-5
...(na)n-ja nai-deshoo-ka......N8/10-1
naanda......N5/24-5
Naani?......N4/112
nado......N7/120-1
nado (and so on, and the like)......JW/135
nado-to yuu mono/koto/no......N7/120-1
nagaiki......N7/50-1
...nai ...wa nai......N8/146-7
...nai-to komarimasu......N7/90-1
...nai uchi-ni......N4/22-3
...(nai)-ka-to omoimashite......N7/56-7
...naide-sumu......N7/14-5
naka-naka......N8/101-, 126
nakanaka......N3/108-9
nakareta (passive)......N1/44-5
...nakereba......N7/126
...nakereba komarimasu......N7/90-1
...nakereba narimasen......N4/33
...nakereba narimasen/komarimasu......N7/99
...nakerya......N7/126
...nakucha......N7/98-9, 126-7
...nakucha dame-desu......N7/126
nakunaru (to pass away)......JW/136
...nakute-wa......N7/126
...nakute-wa narimasen/ikemasen......N7/98
...nakya......N7/98-9, 126-7
namaji (not fully, not thoroughly, thoughtlessly,......AE/30
.name card......N6/9
Nan-de-tte?......N4/111
nan-desu-ga, nan-desu-kedo......N2/146-7
nan-to iimasu-ka......N2/60-1
nan-to mooshimashoo-ka......N2/61
nan-to-naku......N3/139
nan-to yuu-ka(na)......N2/61
nande mata.........N4/66-7
nandemo......N7/42-3, N8/12-3
Nandemo ...soo-desu.......N8/12-3
Nandemo ii-desu.......N1/141
nani-kara nani-made......N8/33
Nani-o sashiagemashoo-ka.......N8/21
nanika......N7/20-1
Nanimo gozaimasen-ga doozo.......N1/54
Nanimo okamai-dekimasen-de.........N5/30
nanji-deshoo-ka......N2/66
...nanka......N2/90-1, N6/153
nanka (Boku-nanka dame-desu-yo)......N1/136
...nanka vs ...wa......N2/91
...nante......N7/120-1
nantenatte......N2/79
nantoka ...dekiru......N6/37
nantoka (Ee, maa, nantoka)......N1/136-7
naoru vs. naosu......N5/34-5
naosu (to correct, to repair, to cure)......JW/137
narareta (byooki-ni narareta, passive)......N1/45
narau......N4/128-9
narau (to study, to take lessons)......JW/137
narau vs. oboeru......N4/128-9
narimasen......N7/126-7
narimasen /left out......N7/98-9
naru......N7/54-5
naruhodo......N2/20-1
naruhodo (I see)......JW/139
naruhodo-nee......N1/85, N2/21
...nasai......N6/84, 120-1
Nasake-wa hito-no tame-narazu.......N3/80-1
.nasalized "g" sound......N7/115
ne......N6/143, N7/26-7
-ne......N8/30, 66-7
ne (Soo desu-ne)......N2/123
ne /added to particles......N7/153
ne /added to ...te......N5/143
ne /phrases with......N7/152-3
ne vs. yo......N1/36-7, 138-9
neage-suru koto-ni narimashita......N2/81
nee......N4/122-3, N5/8, N7/10-1
.negation of a reason......N6/138-9
.negative form in questions......N7/22-3
.negative forms of ...soo desu......N7/28-9
.negative imperative......N6/82
neru (to go to bed, to sleep, to fall asleep, to l......JW/140
netsu-ga aru......N3/95
...ni kaite-atta......N4/47
...ni kiita-n-desu-ga.........N4/47
...ni naranakereba... masen......N4/60-1
...ni narimasu......N5/58-9
...ni naru......N7/54-5
ni-san......N8/91
...ni totte......N5/17
...ni vs. ...niwa......N5/16-7
-ni vs. -de......N8/116-7
-ni vs. -e......N8/138-9
...ni yoru-to......N4/46-7
nihon-no (two)......N6/128-9
Nihon-ryoori-wa taberaremasu-ka.......N1/133
Nihon-wa nagai-desu-ka.......N1/133
Nihongo-ga ojoozu-desu-ne.......N1/132-3
nihonjin (a Japanese)......JW/140
niisan-to oneesan......N2/138-9
niko-niko, niko-t-to......N7/65
nikoniko vs. nitanita......N2/86-7
-nikui......N2/132-3, N7/84-5
-nin (counter)......N8/75
...niwa itsumo osewa-ni natte-orimasu......N3/31
...niwa osewa-ni natte-orimasu......N6/10
no /added at the end of a sentence......N3/46-7
no /often becoming n......N7/86
no-desu /becoming n-desu......N7/56-7
...no koto......N7/155
...no koto-da-kara......N4/130-1
...no koto-de chotto.........N4/16-7
...no koto-desu......N7/154-5
...no koto-desu-ga......N4/17, N6/126-7
...no koto(-o) vs. ni tsuite......N8/132-3
no-ne (Aa, kyoo-wa isogashii-no-ne)......N1/128
node......N6/26-7, N7/13
...node vs. ...kara......N2/33
...nomo shikata-ga nai......N7/139
nomu (to drink)......JW/141
nonbiri-suru......N6/93
noni......N3/92-3, N6/76-7
noni vs. keredomo......N6/76-7
noroi (slow)......JW/142
noru (to get on, to get into [a vehicle])......JW/142
"not all..."......N6/114-5
.not introducing someone present by his name......N8/72-3
.nouns plus desu......N7/136-7
...nowa......N7/121
noyone......N5/43
nugu (to take off [clothing])......JW/143
.number of syllables......N6/154-5
.numbers, position of......N3/54-5
.numerals, reading of......N3/86-7
nurui (lukewarm)......JW/144
Nyooboo-nimo kikasete-yaritai-to omoimashita.......N1/135
o + adjectives......N8/42-3
...o + passive......N5/56-7
o + stem form of verbs......N8/144-5, 148-9
o /often dropping......N7/87
o /plus stem plus desu-ka......N7/134-5
o /plus stem plus desu-ka vs. o plus stem plus ni......N7/134-5
o-ari vs. owari......N2/34-5
o-isha-san......N2/84-5
"o" sound, pronunciation of......N4/124-5
O(machi)-desu-ka.......N8/144-5
O(machi)-kudasai.......N8/144-5
O(machi)-shimasu.......N8/148-9
o, polite prefix......N2/84-5
Oashimoto-ni gochuui-kudasai.......N2/44-5
Obaachan, koko-e kakenasai-yo.......N1/129
obaasan......N1/60
obasan......N1/60
obasan vs. obaasan......N1/43, N7/113
oboeru......N4/50-1
oboeru (to commit something to memory, to learn)......JW/145
oboete-iru......N4/50-1
Ocha-demo ikaga-desu-ka.......N1/13
Ocha-demo nomimasen-ka.......N1/90-1
Ocha-ga hairimashita-kara doozo.......N2/32-3
Ocha-ga hairimashita-kedo.........N2/76-7
Ocha-mo sashiagemasen-de.......N6/25
Ocha-o doozo.......N1/66-7
Odaiji-ni.......N2/105
odaiji ni (Please take care [of yourself])......JW/145
Odekake-desu-ka.......N1/25, N3/113, N4/90-1, N7/135
.offering and receiving a gift......N8/48
ofuro (bath)......JW/146
ogenki desu ka (Are you well?)......JW/147
ogoru......N5/80
ohanashi-chuu......N3/125
Ohayoo-gozaimasu.......N1/17
Ohayoo gozaimasu. (Good morning!)......JW/147
Ohikitome-shimashite.........N5/30-1
ohiraki......N4/93-5
Oi.......N1/58
oi......N7/11
oishisoo......N2/88-9
oisogashii tokoro(-o)......N3/115, N7/79
oite-oite-kudasai......N2/92-3
Oitoma-shimasu.......N4/33
ojama......N5/30
Ojama-shimashita.......N1/68
Ojama-shimasu......N1/68-9, N3/79
ojama-shitai-n-desu-ga.........N3/79
Ojama-shite-imasu.......N3/135
ojiisan......N1/60
Ojikan-o torimashite.........N5/30, N6/19
ojisan......N1/60
ojisan vs. ojiisan......N1/43, N7/112
okaasan......N1/29
okaeri-desu-ka......N7/134-5
Okaeri-nasai. (Welcome home!)......JW/148
Okaerinasai.......N1/63, N6/120
okage......N3/33, N6/43
okage-dama de (thanks to you)......JW/148
Okagesama-de.......N1/72-3, 74-5, N6/39
Okagesama-de yoku wakarimashita.......N1/135
okane-ga nakute......N7/12-3
okashi (confectionary)......JW/149
oko-san (your child)......JW/149
oku-san (your wife)......JW/150
Okuchi-ni aimasen-deshoo-ga.......N1/125
Okuni-wa dochira-desu-ka.......N1/133, N2/64-5
okuru......N3/34-5
okusan......N1/29, N7/129
Okusan-mo iku?......N1/29
okutte-kuru......N3/38-9
okyakusama......N5/116-7
okyakusan......N7/129
Omachidoosama.......N3/60-1
Omatase-(ita)shimashita.......N2/42, N3/60-1
Ome-ni kakarimasu.......N8/149
Omedetoo-gozaimasu.......N1/143, N2/104, N3/73
Omedetoo gozaimasu. (Congratulations!)......JW/150
omochi-shimashoo......N2/136-7
Omochi-shimashoo-ka.......N8/20
omochi-shimashoo vs. motte-agemashoo......N2/136
omoidasu (to bring back from memory)......JW/151
omoshiroi......N2/73
omou (to think)......JW/151
omowazu (instinctively, involuntarily, unintention......AE/31
onaji (the same)......JW/152
onajimi......N8/46-7
onaka (stomach)......JW/153
onaka-o kowasu......N3/94
oneesan......N1/60-1
Onegai-(ita)shimasu.......N1/49, 58-9, N6/23, 38, N7/16-7
onegai-da-kara......N7/46-7
Onegai-shimasu.......N8/101
onegai-shimasu (I [humbly] request)......JW/153
oniisan......N1/60
onna......N5/114-5
onna (female)......JW/155
onna-no kuse-ni......N2/24-5
onna-rashii......N2/24-5
onna vs. onna-no-hito......N2/94-5, N6/132
.onomatopoeic words......N6/140-1
oo vs. oooo......N7/113
ooi (many, much)......JW/155
ookii (big, large)......JW/155
.opening a conversation......N7/118-9
oree......N3/120-1
oree-no shirushi-ni......N3/121
oriru (to go down, to get off)......JW/156
orusu-ni......N6/34
Osabishii-deshoo-ne.......N1/142-3
Osaki-ni.......N2/92, N4/62-3
Osaki-ni (shitsuree-shimasu).......N6/14-5
osawagase-suru......N8/46-7
oseji (vs. compliment)......N8/106-7
Osewa-ni narimashita.......N8/69
osewa-ni naru......N1/76, N5/114-5
Osewasama.......N3/49, N6/63
oshieru......N4/12-3
oshieru (to teach, to tell, to inform)......JW/157
oshieru vs. miseru......N4/12-3
oshiete-itadaku......N8/58-9
oshiete-kureru......N2/130-1
oshiete-morau......N2/131
oshigoto-chuu......N3/125
Oshigoto-wa doo-desu-ka.......N1/73
oshikomu......N6/122-3
oshokuji-chuu......N3/125
osoi (slow, late)......JW/158
osoku natte......N7/12-3
Osomatsusama-deshita.......N1/55
Osoreirimasu.......N1/31, N2/135, N6/38, N7/17, N8/107
osoreirimasu-ga......N1/79
osoreirimasu-ga/kedo.........N8/144, 151
otagai-ni......N1/146-8
Otagaisama-desu.......N1/146-8
otaku......N3/40-1
otaku (your home)......JW/158
Otaku-kara denwa-desu.......N6/29
otaku-no minasan......N3/40
Otaku-wa ii hoo-desu-yo.......N1/131
otearai vs. otera......N2/118-9
otesuu......N8/51
otesuu-desu-ga......N7/17
otetsudai-san ([house]maid)......JW/159
otetsudai-sasete-kudasai......N3/143
otoko......N5/114-5
otoko (male)......JW/160
otoko vs. otoko-no-hito......N2/94-5, N6/132
otomo-suru......N4/10-1
otoosan......N7/129
otooto (younger brother)......JW/161
otsukare-no tokoro-o......N3/115
Otsukaresama.......N6/14, 62-3
Otsukaresama-deshita.......N2/42-3
otsuri (change)......JW/162
owari......N4/94-5
-owaru......N8/134-5
owaru (to end)......JW/162
Owasuremono-no nai yoo-ni.......N2/44-5
oyaku-ni tachimasen-de......N3/133
oyasumi-nasai (Good night!)......JW/163
Oyasuminasai.......N6/120
oyobitate......N6/19
oyu (hot water)......JW/163
.paper-recycling truck announcement......N8/46-7
para-para......N3/129
.partial negation......N3/56-7
.particles at the end of sentences (ne, yo, wayo)......N8/30-1
.particles meaning "in/at,etc."......N8/116-7
.particles meaning "to"......N8/138-9
.passive form......N1/44-5, N4/126-7, N6/54
.phonetic changes in rapid speech......N7/82-3,86-7,98
.phrases ending with -te......N7/12-3
.phrases that can be said backwards......N3/64-5
.phrases with ne......N7/152-3
.physical distance between the speakers......N6/8
piinattsu vs. nankinmame......N3/98-9
pika-pika......N7/64-5
pika-t-to......N7/64-5
pikari(-to)......N7/64-5
pittari......N6/140-1
.plain form used in quoted parts......N2/101
.plain imperative......N6/82, N7/92-3
.plain negative used as a command......N5/142-3
"please accept it"......N6/30
.pleasure, expressions of......N6/90-1
.polite expression of opposition......N7/132-3
.polite expressions used by foreigners......N4/86-7
.polite questions......N8/52-3
.polite refusal......N8/48-9, 152-3
.polite requests......N7/56-7
.polite speech used to show distance......N3/42-3
.politely asking about someone's opinion or wishes......N8/8-9
.position of phrases indicating numbers......N4/125, N6/129
...ppoi......N6/110-1
.praising one's family......N7/40-1
.preliminary remarks......N6/126-7, N7/41
.process of receiving a gift......N6/30-1
.pronunciation "d"......N1/99
.pronunciation "g"......N1/127
.pronunciation making the meaning clear......N6/107
.pronunciation of certain sentence particles......N8/92-3
.pronunciation of the "o" sound......N4/124-5
.pronunciation of the "tte" sound......N4/140-1
.pronunciation: length of vowels......N1/42-3, 107
.pronunciation: words with successive vowels......N2/119
.pun......N6/155
.pun between kaeru and kaeru......N7/145
.questions, polite......N8/52-3
.quotation......N7/93
"r" sound......N2/35
ra, re /becoming n......N7/35
Rainen-ga yoi toshi-de arimasu yoo-ni......N2/120-1
raisu vs. kome......N3/98
-rashii......N2/24-5
.readings of numerals......N3/86-7
.redundancy......N6/60-1
.refusal......N6/31, 36
.refusal to an offer......N8/152
.refusal, polite......N8/48-9
.remember......N4/50-1
.repeated expression of gratitude or apology......N6/13
.repeating similar expressions......N6/19
.replying to praise......N8/106-7
.reporting something bad......N8/69
.reserved endings......N7/132-3
.responding to a compliment......N6/42-3
.responding to compliments......N7/30-1, 40
.responding to invitation-like comments......N8/60-1
.response to intention/wish rather than verbal mea......N2/87
.response, frequent (aizuchi)......N8/98-9
.reversing word order......N5/52-3
.rhetorical question......N6/116-7
rikai-suru (to comprehend)......JW/164
rikutsu-o yuu......N3/20-1
roku de mo nai (worthless)......AE/32
roku na ... nai (nothing worthwhile (+n), nothing......AE/32
roku ni ... nai (almost nothing (+v), almost none......AE/32
rusu (not at home)......JW/164
ryokoo-suru (to travel)......JW/165
sa (sentence particle)......N2/123
saa.........N2/22-3
Saa, dekakemashoo.......N2/23
Saa, doo-deshoo-ne.......N2/22-3
sagatte vs. sawatte......N7/115
sakaya (sakй store)......JW/166
sake (sakй, liquor)......JW/166
sakihodo-wa......N6/13
sakka (writer, novelist)......JW/167
Sakunen-chuu-wa iroiro osewa-ni narimashita.......N1/53
sama......N2/138
-sama......N8/28-9
samui (cold)......JW/167
samuke-ga suru......N3/95
Samuku narimashita-ne.......N1/36
-san......N2/138, N4/96, N5/25
-san (Raishawaa-san, otonari-san)......N1/18-9
-san (suffix attached to a name)......JW/168
-san added to the names of companies......N3/30-1
-san-tachi......N3/96-7
sanpo (walk, stroll)......JW/169
sappari......N4/31
sappari /uses of......N8/120-1
sara ni (anew, again, further, more, still, not) a......AE/34
.sarcasm, expression of......N7/141
sareru......N6/66-7, N7/91
-saseru vs. -te-morau......N8/40-1
...(s)asete-itadaku......N4/25
sashiageru......N2/121, N3/62
sasou......N4/8-9
sassoku......N3/104-5
sassoku-de osoreirimasu-ga......N2/141
sassoku-desu-ga......N2/140-1
sasuga (ni) (naturally, really, indeed, as expecte......AE/37
satto......N6/140-1
sawagaseru......N8/46-7
.saying goodbye (in a telephone conversation)......N8/102-3
Sayo(o)nara.......N1/51, 63, N2/58-9, N4/103, N6/14-5, 16, 19
sayonara (Good-by)......JW/169
see......N3/32-3
Seeno!......N7/130
sei-zei (no more than, at most, at best, nothing m......AE/40
seifu (government)......JW/170
seito (student, pupil)......JW/170
sekkaku (especially, purposely, kindly, ought to,......AE/42
sekkaku ...noni......N6/77
sekkaku-desu-kara......N3/102-3, N8/48
Sekkaku oide-kudasaimashita-noni.........N3/93
.self-defense......N6/96
semai (narrow, small in area)......JW/171
semete (at least, at best, at most)......AE/44
senjitsu (the other day)......JW/172
Senjitsu-wa gochisoosama-deshita.......N1/46-7, N6/12
Senjitsu-wa shitsuree-shimashita.......N1/46-7
senpai......N2/139, N3/44-5
senpai (one's senior)......JW/172
sensee......N1/61, 98, N2/139
sensei (teacher)......JW/173
sentaku (washing)......JW/174
.sentence endings in familiar conversation......N7/94-5
.sentence particles......N2/123
.sentence particles used by men and women......N5/86-7
.sentence particles, pronunciation of......N8/92-3
.sentence subject......N6/152-3
(kaera) sete-itadakimasu......N3/42-3
Shachoo-mo irasshaimasu-ka.......N1/29
Shachoo-wa orimasen.......N2/142-3
.sharply inhaling or sucking teeth during speech......N6/131
...shi......N7/66-7
...(shi)te-wa komarimasu......N7/91
shibai (play)......JW/175
shika (Sanjippun-shika arimasen)......N1/110-1
shikaku (square)......JW/176
shikashi......N2/28-9
shikata-ga nai/arimasen......N7/138-9
shiken (examination)......JW/176
shiken-ni toorimashita......N2/67
shikushiku......N6/44
shimi-jimi (to) (dearly, sincerely, fondly, deeply......AE/45
shimmiri (to) (sentimentally, quietly, intimately,......AE/46
shinareta (passive)......N1/45
shinde-imasu vs. shinisoo-desu......N2/106
Shinnen omedetoo-gozaimasu.......N1/50, 53
shinpai-suru......N5/72-3
Shirimasen.......N1/56-7
shiru (to get to know)......JW/177
shitamachi (downtown)......JW/178
shito-shito......N3/129
Shitsuree-desu-ga.........N8/150-1
Shitsuree-shimashita.......N2/15
Shitsuree-shimasu.......N4/62-3, 103, N6/15,19
shitsuree(-shimasu, -shimashita)......N1/30-1, 51, 69
Shitsuree-shimasu. vs. Shitsuree-desu-ga.......N5/26-7
Shitsurei-shimasu (Excuse me)......JW/179
Shitte-imasu-ka.......N6/40
shochuu-mimai (joo)......N5/62-3
(o)shokuji......N8/56-7
shoochi-shimashita......N8/27
shoosetsu (novel, short story)......JW/180
shoosetsuka (novelist)......JW/180
Shooshoo omachi-kudasai.......N2/42
shootai-suru (to invite)......JW/180
.short and long vowels......N7/112-3
.showing the speaker's reserve in expressing his o......N8/10-1
shufu vs. shuufu......N1/42
Shujin-ga itsumo osewa-ni natte-orimasu.......N1/76-7
shujin vs. shuujin......N1/42-3, N7/112
.signals to show that one is going to start talkin......N6/130
.signals to show the start of business discussions......N6/20
.signs and written instructions......N6/83
.silence to show hesitation......N7/133
soba......N3/72
sochira......N6/108-9
soko-de......N7/63
soko vs. sooko......N7/113
.something that the speaker cannot control......N6/72-3
sonna......N6/117, N7/8-9, N8/79
Sonna koto arimasen-yo.......N8/125
sonna koto-o yuu mon-ja arimasen......N2/16-7
sonna koto-wa arimasen......N8/106
Sonna koto-wa arimasen-yo.......N1/37
sonna vs. soo-yuu......N7/8-9
sono......N6/150-1
sono-gurai......N4/142-3
sono hen......N2/111
Sono hen-made ookuri-shimashoo.......N3/35
sono kawari......N4/26-7
sono-kurai......N4/142-3
sono uchi......N4/58-9
sono vs. ano......N6/150-1
Sono yoo-desu.......N3/110-1
-soo (ureshisoo)......N1/87
Soo-da-ne.......N1/145
Soo-deshoo-ka.......N5/8-9, N7/132-3, N8/9
Soo-deshoo-ne.......N1/14, N5/8-9
...soo-desu......N6/34-5
Soo-desu.......N7/88-9
...soo-desu (appearance)......N7/28-9, 42
...soo-desu (message)......N7/58-9
soo desu (That's right)......JW/181
Soo-desu-ka.......N1/14, N5/9
soo desu ka (Is that so?)......JW/182
soo-desu-ka /intonation of......N6/142-3
Soo-desu-ne(e).........N1/144-5
Soo-desu-nee.......N2/116, N3/84-5
Soo iwanaide.........N4/100-1
...soo-ja nai/arimasen......N7/28-9
Soo-ka.......N1/84-5
...soo-mo nai/arimasen......N7/28-9
Soo-ne(e).......N1/145
...soo-nimo nai/arimasen......N7/29
Soo ossharazu-ni.........N4/100-1
-soo vs. mieru......N2/88-9
soo-yuu......N7/8-9
soo-yuu koto-de......N6/18
Soo yuu wake-nimo ikimasen-yo.......N2/10-1
soodan-suru vs. oshiete-itadaku......N8/58-9
sootoo (pretty, fairly, tolerably, considerably, e......AE/47
sore......N1/40-1, N6/150-1
sore-da vs. sore-dewa......N6/136-7
sore-dake......N4/74-5
sore-de......N7/63
sore-ga......N5/36-7
sore-ja......N2/19
Sore-ja, yoroshiku.......N6/18
sore-mo soo-desu-ga......N8/37
sore-ni shite-mo......N2/124-5
sore-wa......N6/68, N7/36-7
Sore-wa arigatoo-gozaimasu.......N3/36
Sore-wa chotto,........N3/85
sore-wa desu-ne......N2/52-3
Sore-wa ikemasen-ne.......N1/130
sore-wa soo-desu-ne......N8/36-7
sore-wa soo-to......N2/140
Sore-wa sore-wa.......N3/36-7
sorede......N5/18-9
Sorehodo-demo arimasen.......N3/123
soro-soro......N8/34, N1/92-3, N4/29
Soro-soro oitoma-shimasu.......N1/71
Soro-soro shitsuree-shimasu.......N4/32
sorya(a)......N6/68-9
soshite......N5/18-9
.sounding hesitant or apologetic when making a req......N6/27
.sounds difficult to hear......N7/112-7
.speaker and listener participating in a flow of s......N6/81
.speaker-listener distance......N2/36-7
.speaker's attitude......N6/134-5
.speaker's will......N6/72-3
.starting a statement......N6/126-7
.stem plus -wa shinai......N6/106-7
.stomachache, description of......N6/44-5
.stopgap phrases......N2/60-1
.(strong) denial......N8/125
.(strong) denial of the other person's judgement o......N8/104-5
.subjects determined only by the situation......N7/105
.subjects indicated by the use of humble expressio......N7/103
.subjects indicated by the use of polite terms......N7/102-3
.subjects obvious from the situation......N7/104-5
.suffering from someone's actions......N6/54-5
.suggestion, making a......N7/52-3
sugu......N3/104
suki (to like)......JW/183
sukkari......N4/31
sukoshi (a little, a few)......JW/185
sukoshi-mo......N3/107
Sukoshi tsumete-kudasaimasen-ka.......N2/8-9
sukunai (little, few)......JW/185
Sumimasen.......N1/104-5, N3/100, N7/14, 72-3
Sumimasen-deshita.......N6/39
sumimasen-ga......N1/79, N2/9
Sumimasen-ga/kedo.........N8/151
sumu......N8/116-7
sumu (live)......N7/50-1
sumu (suffice)......N7/14-5
sumu (to live [somewhere])......JW/186
...sureba yoroshii-deshoo......N4/54-5
surimuku......N6/49
suru (to do)......JW/187
suru /used to mean "to cost"......N6/92-3
...suru koto-ga aru......N6/98-9
...suru koto-ni naru......N6/98-9
...suru koto-ni suru......N6/98-9
...suru-to komaru/komarimasu......N7/91
sutto......N6/140-1
suu-......N8/90-1
suzushii ([pleasantly] cool)......JW/188
.sympathy for sickness......N3/14-5
.sympathy, an expression of......N8/69
.sympathy, expressions of......N4/40-1
-ta (passive form of verbs)......N1/34-5
-ta /used to indicate a command......N3/17, N5/142-3
-ta /used to indicate the completion of an action......N6/74-5
-ta /used to show completion of an action......N3/17
-ta /vs. dictionary form of adjectives......N5/96-7
-ta bakari......N6/47, N7/145-7
-ta form......N6/38-9
-ta hoo-ga ii......N5/98-9, 146-7, N7/24-5, N8/54-5, 65
-ta koto-ga aru......N6/98-9
-ta tokoro......N7/79, 146-7
-ta tsumori......N4/52-3
tabako (cigarette)......JW/189
tabena vs. taberu-na......N6/84
taberu (to eat)......JW/190
tabun......N6/94-5
-tachi......N3/96-7
-tachi (pluralizing suffix)......JW/190
tada (nothing but, only, once, gratis, free, for n......AE/49
Tadaima.......N1/63
tadaima (I'm home)......JW/191
tagai......N1/146
-tagaru (ikitagaru)......N1/86-7
-tageru......N7/35
-tai (counter)......N8/75
-tai (nomitai, ikitai)......N1/13, 86-7
taihen (very, terrible, tremendous)......JW/192
taihen /uses of......N8/68-9
(Kinoo-wa) taihen-deshita.......N1/65
Taihen-desu-ne.......N1/64-5, N1/42, N2/105, N4/40-1, N7/48-9
Taihen kekkoo-da-to omoimasu.......N2/116-7
Taihen shitsuree-itashimashita.......N8/103
Taihen tame-ni narimashita.......N1/135
taishita......N6/37
Taishita koto-wa arimasen.......N3/112-3
taka ga (only, merely, at most)......AE/54
takai (expensive, high, tall)......JW/192
takusan (a lot, enough)......JW/193
takusan /uses of......N8/118-9
.talking to oneself......N7/25, 144
tame......N3/33
tani (valley)......JW/194
tanka......N6/154
tanomu......N4/8, 14, N7/17
tanomu-kara......N7/46-7
tanoshii......N8/114-5
tanoshii (happy, enjoyable)......JW/194
tanoshii hito......N2/72-3
tanoshimu......N8/114-5
taoreru......N6/48
-tara......N6/153, N7/79
-tara doo-desu-ka......N8/55
-tara doo(-desu-ka)......N5/98-9
-tara ikaga-deshoo......N5/147
-tara ikaga-desu-ka......N8/55
-tara used to show irritation......N5/50-1
-tara vs. -n-nara......N8/70-1
-tari (Ocha-o nondari...)......N1/99
-tari -tari suru......N3/116-7
tashika (certainly, definitely, reliable, proper,......AE/55
Tasukarimashita.......N3/132-3, N6/19, 39
tasukarimasu......N7/17
tasukaru vs. tasukeru......N3/132
tasukeru......N4/138
tasukeru (to help)......JW/195
tatemono (building)......JW/196
tatta (only, just, merely)......AE/58
tazunete-kuru......N6/52-3
-te /used as a command......N5/48-9
-te /used to end a sentence......N6/80-1
-te /used to indicate a reason......N6/72-3
-te-ageru......N4/25
te-form /used with expressions of apology and grat......N8/50-1
-te-hoshii......N8/108-9
-te-iku......N4/44-5, N7/55
-te-imasen......N6/70-1
-te-imasen vs. masen-deshita......N6/70-1
-te-imasu......N5/38-9, 45
-te-imasu vs. -soo-desu......N2/126-7
-te-irassharu......N8/43, 44-5
-te-iru tokoro......N6/101, N7/78
-te-iru vs. ...te-aru......N6/134-5
-te-itadaite.........N7/70-1
-te-itadaku......N4/25, N6/104-5
-te-itte-kudasai......N4/146-7
-te-kara vs. -takara......N1/107
-te-kimasu......N2/30-1
-te-koreru, -te-kudasaru......N2/130-1
-te-kudasai......N5/146-7
-te-kudasaru......N7/38
-te-kudasaru vs. -te-itadaku......N4/114-5
-te-kudasatte.........N7/71
-te-kurereba yokatta-noni......N5/66-7
-te-kureru......N6/53, N7/38-9
-te-kurete.........N7/71
-te-kuru......N3/28-9, N4/42-3, N6/52-3, 113
-te-miru (kekkon-shite-mimashita-ga)......N1/114
-te-miru-to......N7/80-1
-te-miru vs. ...(y)oo-to suru......N7/81
-te-mitara......N7/80-1
-te-mo ii......N5/110-1
-te-moraitai......N8/109
-te-moraitai-desu-ka......N8/20-1
-te-moratte.........N7/71
-te-morau......N2/131
-te-ne......N6/80-1, 85
-te-oku......N2/92-3, N6/135
-te shikata-ga nai......N5/74-5
-te-shimau......N4/126-7, N8/129
-te-shimau /used to show regret......N7/32-3
-te shiyoo-ga nai......N5/74-5
-te tamaranai......N5/74-5
-te vs. ...node, ...kara......N6/73
-te vs. ...wa......N6/152-3
-te-wa /used to emphasize contrast between two phr......N7/44-5
-te-wa /used to indicate condition......N6/86-7
-te-wa ikaga-deshoo......N5/147
-te-wa ikemasen......N6/83,87
-te-wa komarimasu......N6/87
-te-wa vs. -eba......N6/86-7
Tekitooni yatte-kudasai.......N3/136-7
.telephone conversation......N8/94-,98-,102-
-temo......N3/93
tenki (weather)......JW/197
.terms of respect......N4/96-7
tetsudau vs. tasukeru......N4/138-9
.thanking someone for his kindness to one's family......N6/11
.thinking in kanji......N6/65
to (door)......JW/197
to (Ocha-to okashi-o...)......N1/99
(...suru) to ii......N8/54-5
...to iimashite-mo......N7/77
...to ittatte......N7/77
...to itte-mo......N7/76-7
...to mooshimashite-mo......N7/77
...to omoimashite......N7/56-7
to omoimasu......N1/88-9, N3/79
...to omoimasu......N8/10-1
...to omotte......N7/56-7
to osshaimashita......N6/35
to vs. toka......N8/76-7
...to yuu hanshi-desu......N7/43
...to yuu koto-desu......N7/43, 59
to yuu-to......N2/46-7
to yuu-to vs. to yuu-nowa......N2/46-7
...to yuu wake-desu......N7/122
...toita......N7/35
toka......N8/76-7
tokaku (frequently, often, repeatedly, tend to, be......AE/60
tokei (watch, clock)......JW/198
toki (time)......JW/198
...tokoro......N3/114
tokoro......N7/78-9
tokoro /contracted to toko......N7/86-7
tokoro /used to mean "situation"......N6/100-1
tokoro-de......N2/140
...tokoro-de......N6/101
...tokoro made-wa ikanai......N6/115
toku vs. tooku......N7/113
tomaru......N8/116-7
tomaru vs. neru......N5/114-5
tomo......N6/144-5
tomodachi (friend)......JW/199
ton-ton......N4/78-9
tonari (next door, adjacent, adjoining)......JW/200
tondemo nai (vs. iie)......N8/104-5
.tone (KOKO-DE tomete-kudasai)......N1/48-9
.tone and the speaker's intention......N6/69
tonikaku (first of all, first, before that, especi......AE/62
tonikaku......N3/8-9
Tonikaku yatte-mimashoo.......N3/9
-too (counter)......N8/74
tooi (far, distant)......JW/201
tootei (cannot) possibly, absolutely (not), not) a......AE/63
too-too (finally, at last, in the end)......AE/66
too-too......N1/106
tootoo (finally, at last, in the end, after all)......JW/202
toshi......N8/124-5
toshi-desu......N8/124-5
toshi-ni niawazu......N8/125
toshi-o totte-iru vs. furui......N1/108
totemo (doesn't at all, cannot possibly, never, ve......AE/64
totemo (very)......JW/202
Totsuzen ojama-itashimashite.......N6/25
.transitive and intransitive verbs......N7/60-1
tsugoo ga ii (convenient)......JW/203
tsui (just, only, unthinkingly, unintentionally, c......AE/68
tsui (...te-shimau)......N8/128-9
tsui ni (in the end, finally, at last, after all)......AE/71
tsuide ni (while, in passing, if you have the occa......AE/70
tsuide-ni......N4/56-7
tsukareyasui......N3/15
tsukiai......N3/74-5
tsukiai-kirenai......N8/131
tsuku-zuku (thoroughly, entirely, sadly, regretful......AE/72
tsuma......N6/28
tsuma (wife)......JW/204
tsumaranai (uninteresting, insignificant)......JW/204
Tsumaranai mono-desu-ga.......N1/125, N3/62-3
tsumaranai mono-desu-ga/mon(o)-da-kedo......N8/22-3, 48
tsumari (in short, after all, in the end, in other......AE/74
tsumetai (cold)......JW/205
tsumetai vs. samui......N1/109
tsumori......N4/52-3, N7/75
tsure......N6/22
tsurete-kuru vs. motte-kuru......N1/32-3
tsutomeru......N8/116-7
tsutomeru (to become employed)......JW/206
-tsuu (counter)......N8/75
-ttara nai......N4/72-3
-ttara vs. ...tte......N4/73
-tte......N4/68-9, N5/40-1, N6/35, 82-3, N7/59, 100-1
-tto......N7/144-5
"u" in masu, desu devocalized......N7/116-7
uchi (home, house)......JW/206
uchi-e kaetta toki......N1/35
...uchi-ni......N4/22-3
uchi-no kaisha......N3/88
Uchi-wa motto hidoi-n-desu-yo.......N1/130-1
ukagaimasu......N3/79
ukagau......N8/60-1,149,152
ukkari (thoughtlessly, absent-mindedly, carelessly......AE/76
ukkari......N2/102
ukkari-suru......N8/129
umai (skillful, delicious)......JW/207
.understanding an implicit message......N4/88-9
.unexpected development in conversation......N7/37
.unnecessary subject in the second sentence......N7/37
unten vs. doraibu......N3/99
untenshu (driver)......JW/208
ureshii......N6/90-1
urusai (noisy, fussy, bothersome)......JW/208
.use of desu and masu......N5/136-7
.use of the negative form in questions......N7/114-5
.use of wa......N5/134-5
ushi (cattle, bull, cow, ox, steer)......JW/209
.using greater number of steps......N6/127
.using ne between phrases......N7/26-7
Uso.......N3/70-1
utsukushii (beautiful)......JW/209
.verbal politeness......N6/104-5, 127
.verbs ending in -ta or -da......N2/113
.verbs often left out......N7/136-7
.visiting someone without notice......N6/24
.voiceless vowels......N7/116-7
.vowels, length of......N7/112-3
"w" sound......N2/34-5
wa......N7/44-5
...wa ...da......N5/104-5
...wa (at the end of a sentence)......N8/16-7
-wa (counter)......N8/74
wa (isolating something from a group)......N8/32-3
wa (kore vs. kore-wa)......N8/86-7
wa (Muri-desu-wa.)......N2/122-3
wa /leaving out......N6/153
wa /used to indicate contrast......N7/106-7
wa /used to mean "not all..."......N6/114-5
...wa arigatoo-gozaimashita......N7/70-1
...wa shitsuree-shimashita......N6/13
wa vs. ga......N3/147, N6/78-9
wa vs. mo......N2/109
...wa? (polite questions)......N8/52-3
waka......N6/153
wakai (young)......JW/210
wakai toki vs. chiisai toki......N1/102
Wakarimasen.......N1/56-7
wakarimashita......N8/26-7
Wakarimashita-ka.......N2/70-1
Wakarimashita, hai.......N3/18-9
Wakarimasu.......N4/105
Wakarimasu-ka.......N2/70-1
wakaru (to understand)......JW/210
wakatcha......N7/44
Wakatta.......N8/27
wakatte-imasu......N4/104-5
Wakatte-imasu vs. Wakarimashita......N4/104-5
wake......N7/122
wake (...wake-desu)......N1/118-9
...wake-desu......N7/122-3
...wake-ja arimasen......N3/56-7, N6/115, 138-9
...wake-ja arimasen-kedo......N3/84-5
wake-niwa ikanai......N2/10-1
wan-wan......N3/67
-wane......N8/17, 67
ware-ware (we)......JW/212
warui (bad)......JW/212
warui-kedo......N7/116-7
Warui-ne.......N1/31
warui tokoro......N6/101
Warui-wane.......N3/101
Warui(-desu)-ne.......N3/100-1, N5/124-5
Warui(-ne, -wane).......N6/39
Warukatta(-ne, -wane).......N6/39
Wasshoi!......N7/131
watashi......N1/120-1
watashi (I)......JW/213
watashi-ga vs. watashi-wa......N6/78-9
watashi-wa......N7/106-7
-wayo......N8/17
...wayone......N5/43
waza-to......N1/98
waza-waza (take the trouble to, especially, on pur......AE/78
waza-waza......N1/98, N4/57
.wife reporting her husband's absence from the off......N6/29
.word play......N3/86-7
.words meaning "give"......N3/62-3
.words that can be said backwards......N3/64-5
...(y)oo-to omoimasu......N7/24-5
...(y)oo-tto......N7/144-5
ya vs. toka......N8/77
yahari, yappari (too, but then, as well, still, as......AE/80
yamoya (surely not, absolutely not, impossible, no......AE/86
yappari......N1/90-1, N2/75
yari-kirenai......N8/131
yaru......N3/62
yaru (to do)......JW/214
yaru vs. ageru......N8/34-5
yaru vs. suru......N8/38-9
yasashii (gentle, easy)......JW/214
yaseru vs. yaseta......N1/34-5
yasui (inexpensive)......JW/215
...yasui and ...nikui......N7/54-5
Yasumasete-itadakimasu.......N3/42
yasumi (vacation, absence)......JW/216
Yasumono-desu-yo, konnano.......N1/10
yasumu wake-niwa ikanai......N2/10-1
yatara ni (recklessly, rashly, carelessly, randoml......AE/83
yatto (finally, at last, just, barely, scarcely, o......AE/84
yatto (finally)......JW/216
yatto vs. tootoo......N1/106
yo......N7/72
-yo......N8/30, 92-3
yo (...desu-yo)......N2/123
yo (Soo-desu-yo)......N1/36-7
yo /added to ...na......N6/84
yo /added to ...te......N5/143
yobu (to call)......JW/217
yoi... o......N1/50-1
Yoisho!......N7/130-1
yoji vs. yooji......N7/113
Yokatta-desu-ne.......N2/104
Yokattara kite-kudasai.......N1/115
yoku (often)......JW/218
yoku /various uses of......N7/140-1
Yoku irasshaimashita.......N3/134, N5/55
yoku kite-kuremashita, -kudasaimashita......N2/131
yoku nai-ne vs. yoku nai-wane......N7/95
yonde-mite-itadakemasu-ka......N2/31
yonderu......N7/34
...yone......N5/42-3
yonjattara......N7/34
yoo......N7/10-1
-yoo (kekkon-shiyoo-to shimashita)......N1/114
...yoo-desu......N3/76-7, 100-1
...yoo-desu-ga......N7/132
...yoo-ni......N2/120-1
...yoo-ni naru......N7/54-5
...yoo-ni omoimasu......N3/111
...yoo-ni yuu......N4/14-5
-yoobi (day of the week)......JW/219
...yoona ki-ga suru......N3/138-9
yooyaku (finally, at last)......AE/87
...yori shikata-ga nai......N7/138
yorokobu (to rejoice, to be glad)......JW/220
Yoroshii-deshoo-ka.......N8/154-5
yoroshikattara......N3/143
Yoroshikattara meshiagatte-kudasai.......N3/63
yoroshiku......N6/90
yoroshiku (suitably, favorably, kindly)......JW/220
Yoroshiku onegai-shimasu.......N1/59
yoso......N3/88-9
yosoiki, yosoyuki......N3/89
yoso-yososhii......N3/89
"you" in Japanese......N7/128-9
yoyaku......N6/60
yubi (finger, toe)......JW/221
yukkuri (slowly)......JW/222
yukkuri-suru......N6/93
Yuremasu-kara gochuui-negaimasu.......N2/44-5
yuugata (dusk)......JW/223
yuumei (famous)......JW/223
zaa-zaa......N6/141
zaa-zaa furu......N3/129
zannen (regret)......JW/224
Zannen-desu-ne.......N2/104-5
zehi......N8/14-5, 60-1
Zehi oide-kudasai.......N8/14
zenbu vs. zenbu-wa......N8/32-3
zenryaku......N2/141
zen-zen......N3/107
zenzen ([not] at all)......JW/225
zo (...da-zo.)......N2/123
zoro-zoro......N1/93
zuibun......N5/70-1, N8/118
zuibun (very, quite, a lot)......JW/225
zukin-zukin......N6/46
zuki-zuki......N6/46, 49
zutsuu......N6/47
