TITLE "Bali 1928 - Anthology: The First Recordings" REM GENRE "Balinese Gamelan" REM DATE "2016" REM DISCID 63119019 REM REPLAYGAIN_ALBUM_GAIN -2.98 dB REM REPLAYGAIN_ALBUM_PEAK 0.999969 REM COMPILATION TRUE FILE "01. Gamelan of Belaluan, Denpasar - Kabyar Ding Part I. Kebyar.flac" WAVE TRACK 01 AUDIO TITLE "Kabyar Ding Part I: Kebyar" PERFORMER "Gamelan of Belaluan, Denpasar" ISRC QM9AA1561430 REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_GAIN -2.59 dB REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_PEAK 0.947632 INDEX 01 00:00:00 TRACK 02 AUDIO TITLE "Kabyar Ding Part II: Surapati" PERFORMER "Gamelan of Belaluan, Denpasarr" ISRC QM9AA1561431 REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_GAIN -1.56 dB REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_PEAK 0.955627 INDEX 00 03:04:25 FILE "02. Gamelan of Belaluan, Denpasar - Kabyar Ding Part II, Surapati.flac" WAVE INDEX 01 00:00:00 TRACK 03 AUDIO TITLE "Kabyar Ding Part III. Oncang-Oncangan" PERFORMER "Gamelan of Belaluan, Denpasar" ISRC QM9AA1561432 REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_GAIN 0.06 dB REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_PEAK 0.943909 INDEX 00 03:01:03 FILE "03. Gamelan of Belaluan, Denpasar - Kabyar Ding Part III. Oncang-Oncangan.flac" WAVE INDEX 01 00:00:00 TRACK 04 AUDIO TITLE "Gending Longgor Part I" PERFORMER "Gamelan of Pangkung, Tabanan" ISRC QM9AA1561433 REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_GAIN -2.35 dB REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_PEAK 0.939911 INDEX 00 02:58:25 FILE "04. Gamelan of Pangkung, Tabanan - Gending Longgor Part I.flac" WAVE INDEX 01 00:00:00 TRACK 05 AUDIO TITLE "Tabuh Légod Bawa" PERFORMER "Gamelan Gong Kebyar of Busungbiu, Northwest Bali" ISRC QM9AA1561434 REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_GAIN -3.24 dB REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_PEAK 0.903381 INDEX 00 02:47:31 FILE "05. Gamelan Gong Kebyar of Busungbiu, Northwest Bali - Tabuh Légod Bawa.flac" WAVE INDEX 01 00:00:00 TRACK 06 AUDIO TITLE "Pangkur (Lagoe Poeh Pangkoer)" PERFORMER "Ida Bagus Oka Kerebuak" ISRC QM9AA1561435 REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_GAIN -1.24 dB REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_PEAK 0.843658 INDEX 00 02:51:41 FILE "06. Ida Bagus Oka Kerebuak - Pangkur (Lagoe Poeh Pangkoer).flac" WAVE INDEX 01 00:00:00 TRACK 07 AUDIO TITLE "Dangdang Gula I (Lagoe Dangdang Goele I)" PERFORMER "Ida Boda" ISRC QM9AA1561436 REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_GAIN 0.86 dB REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_PEAK 0.917236 INDEX 00 02:53:50 FILE "07. Ida Boda - Dangdang Gula I (Lagoe Dangdang Goele I).flac" WAVE INDEX 01 00:00:00 TRACK 08 AUDIO TITLE "Dangdang Gula II (Lagoe Dangdang Goele II)" PERFORMER "Ida Boda" ISRC QM9AA1561437 REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_GAIN -5.29 dB REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_PEAK 0.999908 INDEX 00 02:57:45 FILE "08. Ida Boda - Dangdang Gula II (Lagoe Dangdang Goele II).flac" WAVE INDEX 01 00:00:00 TRACK 09 AUDIO TITLE "Kidung Wargasari I (Lagoe Wargesari)" PERFORMER "Ni Lemon" ISRC QM9AA1561438 REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_GAIN -5.60 dB REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_PEAK 0.873077 INDEX 00 02:45:25 FILE "09. Ni Lemon - Kidung Wargasari I (Lagoe Wargesari).flac" WAVE INDEX 01 00:00:00 TRACK 10 AUDIO TITLE "Kakawin Smaradahana (Lagoe Kekawin Semaran Dahane)" PERFORMER "Ida Bagus Wayan Buruan & Ida Madé Tianyar" ISRC QM9AA1561439 REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_GAIN -0.92 dB REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_PEAK 0.916321 INDEX 00 03:06:65 FILE "10. Ida Bagus Wayan Buruan & Ida Madé Tianyar - Kakawin Smaradahana (Lagoe Kekawin Semaran Dahane).flac" WAVE INDEX 01 00:00:00 TRACK 11 AUDIO TITLE "Tabuh Ginanti" PERFORMER "Gamelan Semar Pagulingan of Banjar Titih, Denpasar" ISRC QM9AA1561440 REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_GAIN -3.19 dB REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_PEAK 0.779907 INDEX 00 02:56:52 FILE "11. Gamelan Semar Pagulingan of Banjar Titih, Denpasar - Tabuh Ginanti.flac" WAVE INDEX 01 00:00:00 TRACK 12 AUDIO TITLE "Tabuh Lasem" PERFORMER "Gamelan Semar Pagulingan of Banjar Titih, Denpasar" ISRC QM9AA1561441 REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_GAIN -2.26 dB REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_PEAK 0.852142 INDEX 00 02:27:04 FILE "12. Gamelan Semar Pagulingan of Banjar Titih, Denpasar - Tabuh Lasem.flac" WAVE INDEX 01 00:00:00 TRACK 13 AUDIO TITLE "Solo" PERFORMER "Gamelan Palégongan of Banjar Tegal, Kuta" ISRC QM9AA1561442 REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_GAIN -2.64 dB REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_PEAK 0.906677 INDEX 00 02:53:09 FILE "13. Gamelan Palégongan of Banjar Tegal, Kuta - Solo.flac" WAVE INDEX 01 00:00:00 TRACK 14 AUDIO TITLE "Seléndro" PERFORMER "Gamelan Gendér Wayang of Banjar Tegal, Kuta" ISRC QM9AA1561443 REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_GAIN -3.35 dB REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_PEAK 0.952545 INDEX 00 02:44:41 FILE "14. Gamelan Gendér Wayang of Banjar Tegal, Kuta - Seléndro.flac" WAVE INDEX 01 00:00:00 TRACK 15 AUDIO TITLE "Angkat-angkatan" PERFORMER "Gamelan Gendér Wayang of Banjar Tegal, Kuta" ISRC QM9AA1561444 REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_GAIN -1.82 dB REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_PEAK 0.842316 INDEX 00 02:49:20 FILE "15. Gamelan Gendér Wayang of Banjar Tegal, Kuta - Angkat-angkatan.flac" WAVE INDEX 01 00:00:00 TRACK 16 AUDIO TITLE "Ganderangan" PERFORMER "Gamelan Pajogédan (Gandrung) of Pagan, Denpasar" ISRC QM9AA1561445 REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_GAIN -2.99 dB REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_PEAK 0.973450 INDEX 00 02:55:37 FILE "16. Gamelan Pajogédan (Gandrung) of Pagan, Denpasar - Ganderangan.flac" WAVE INDEX 01 00:00:00 TRACK 17 AUDIO TITLE "Peperangan Sira Panji Dengan Prabangsa" PERFORMER "Gambuh of Séséstan, Denpasar" ISRC QM9AA1561446 REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_GAIN 0.10 dB REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_PEAK 0.999969 INDEX 00 02:59:65 FILE "17. Gambuh of Séséstan, Denpasar - Peperangan Sira Panji Dengan Prabangsa.flac" WAVE INDEX 01 00:00:00 TRACK 18 AUDIO TITLE "Ngisep Dublag" PERFORMER "Gamelan Angklung Kléntangan of Sidan, Gianyar" ISRC QM9AA1561447 REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_GAIN -3.14 dB REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_PEAK 0.898529 INDEX 00 02:58:54 FILE "18. Gamelan Angklung Kléntangan of Sidan, Gianyar - Ngisep Dublag.flac" WAVE INDEX 01 00:00:00 TRACK 19 AUDIO TITLE "Péngécet Bérong" PERFORMER "Gamelan Angklung of Pemogen, Denpasar" ISRC QM9AA1561448 REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_GAIN -3.99 dB REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_PEAK 0.941864 INDEX 00 03:13:44 FILE "19. Gamelan Angklung of Pemogen, Denpasar - Péngécet Bérong.flac" WAVE INDEX 01 00:00:00 TRACK 20 AUDIO TITLE "Ginada Sampik-Ingtai" PERFORMER "Arja Geguntangan of Sésétan, Denpasar" ISRC QM9AA1561449 REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_GAIN 1.67 dB REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_PEAK 0.832184 INDEX 00 02:55:02 FILE "20. Arja Geguntangan of Sésétan, Denpasar - Ginada Sampik-Ingtai.flac" WAVE INDEX 01 00:00:00 TRACK 21 AUDIO TITLE "Kidung Jayendriya" PERFORMER "Arja Geguntangan of Belaluan, Denpasar" ISRC QM9AA1561450 REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_GAIN -7.66 dB REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_PEAK 0.841400 INDEX 00 02:55:25 FILE "21. Arja Geguntangan of Belaluan, Denpasar - Kidung Jayendriya.flac" WAVE INDEX 01 00:00:00 TRACK 22 AUDIO TITLE "Mula Tubuh di Kaléran" PERFORMER "Jangér of Kedaton, Denpasar" ISRC QM9AA1561451 REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_GAIN 0.83 dB REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_PEAK 0.840851 INDEX 00 03:07:17 FILE "22. Jangér of Kedaton, Denpasar - Mula Tubuh di Kaléran.flac" WAVE INDEX 01 00:00:00 TRACK 23 AUDIO TITLE "Durma Sudarsana" PERFORMER "Jangér of Abian Timbul, Denpasar" ISRC QM9AA1561452 REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_GAIN -1.02 dB REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_PEAK 0.892517 INDEX 00 03:01:25 FILE "23. Jangér of Abian Timbul, Denpasar - Durma Sudarsana.flac" WAVE INDEX 01 00:00:00 TRACK 24 AUDIO TITLE "Ganda Pura" PERFORMER "Jangér of Abian Timbul, Denpasar" ISRC QM9AA1561453 REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_GAIN -1.42 dB REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_PEAK 0.999969 INDEX 00 02:47:29 FILE "24. Jangér of Abian Timbul, Denpasar - Ganda Pura.flac" WAVE INDEX 01 00:00:00 TRACK 25 AUDIO TITLE "Lagu Tangis" PERFORMER "Suling of Ubud, Gianyar" ISRC QM9AA1561454 REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_GAIN -5.55 dB REM REPLAYGAIN_TRACK_PEAK 0.906311 INDEX 00 03:06:07 FILE "25. Suling of Ubud, Gianyar - Lagu Tangis.flac" WAVE INDEX 01 00:00:00
Bali 1928
A compilation from all five of World Arbiter's volumes of the complete Balinese recordings from 1928, newly remastered in 2015 and released for the first time since the days of 78-RPM shellac. Performances of gamelan gong kebyar, semar pagulingan, gender wayang, palegongan, gambangam pajogedan, gambuh, angklung, suling, tembang, kidung, kakawin, arja geguntangan, janger, cepung, unaccompanied vocals, and topeng. When composer Colin McPhee heard some 78s in New York, brought over by anthropologists just returning from the Dutch East Indies, he immediately set out for Bali and spent several years there, immersing himself in local traditional music and penning definitive texts on their practices. A local record store had discs cut only a few years before his arrival, and soon after McPhee bought his collection, a drunken warehouse manager, faced with the fact that no one on the island owned a record player, destroyed his entire unsold disc inventory out of rage. McPhee's rescued discs remain as some of the only surviving copies of a recorded legacy that even the Balinese never accessed. World Arbiter has collaborated with ethnomusicologist Edward Herbst to locate all known and unknown extant recordings, texts, and context, an Indiana Jones-style global search begun in 1998 that ended up with a Mellon Foundation grant covering restoration, publication, and in situ activities to find anyone alive who was linked to the discs, including a 98-year-old singer who proofread Herbst's transcriptions of her discs. The project went further through McPhee's field notes, photos, and his silent films shot in the 1930s of dancers and ensembles, all accessible on Arbiter's website. The restoration and publication of a complete lost legacy is now a cultural repatriation for the Balinese and listeners everywhere. This anthology also reveals how McPhee placed Balinese genres into Western music, a move that led to the styles of Reich, Riley, and Glass, making McPhee the godfather of minimalism.
Balinese Gamelan
Gamelan gong kebyar(aka Gambelan / Gambelan Bali / Karawitan Bali) Balinese gamelan (or Gambelan Bali) refers to a broad classification grouping together various Gamelan ensembles and developments originating in the island of Bali, Indonesia. Bali residents colloquially refer to this form of gamelan music as "gambelan", while "Gamelan Bali" is also used in other Indonesian regions to refer to these styles. Gamelan music itself has had a lengthy history in Bali, becoming a totally separate category in contrast to its Javanese and Sundanese counterparts; instrumentation and playing techniques often differ greatly, as well as substyles. Balinese gamelan music is often performed for ceremonial and entertainment purposes, largely in sacred religious ceremonies, funerals, theatrical works, traditional dances, and festivals. Ancient forms of Balinese Gamelan, called "gamelan wayah" or "gamelan tua", have existed before the 15th century, developing from percussive keyboard ensembles and are usually unaccompanied by drums (gendang). Gamelan selonding - originating in the 9th century - is considered to be among one of the gamelan styles with the earliest evidence. Later styles like Gamelan angklung, Gamelan beleganjur, Gamelan gender wayang also began to develop in this timeline. Gamelan madya is used to categorize the styles of Balinese gamelan developed within the 16th to 19th centuries, including Gamelan gong gede and Gamelan semar pegulingan. At the time, drum backings became more prominent in gamelan ensembles and even taking more major roles. Gamelan anyar is nowadays used to refer to the more modern forms that were established after the 19th century, examples being Gamelan jegog and Gamelan gong kebyar.
